SCRUB TYPHUS - INDIA (05): (KERALA)
***********************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Mon 18 Jun 2012
Source: The Times of India, Times News Network (TNN) [edited]
http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes ... er-malabar
15 cases of scrub typhus infection, a communicable disease commonly found in southeast Asia and Japan, have been reported from various parts of the Kozhikode district.
Initially reported from Malabar region [northern districts] in the Kerala State in 2006, medical officials say that it is very difficult to know its symptoms mainly because in the initial stage it appears like a common fever. The disease, which spreads through mite bite, can be diagnosed only through blood test.
"Scrub typhus has been reported in Kozhikode, Kannur, Malappuram, Wayanad, and Palakkad," said MK Appunny, additional district medical officer. "If detected at an early stage then it can be cured by administering the drug doxycycline, [which is also] used to treat leptospirosis. But if the patient approaches a doctor at a late stage then the chances of organ failure and death are high," he said.
The health department had organized a regional-level workshop for doctors from the 6 districts of Malabar [Kasaragod, Kannur, Kozhikode, Malappuram, Palakkad, Wayanad] at the Kozhikode Medical College Hospital recently. The workshop imparted awareness classes for the medical fraternity including district medical officers and health staff to ensure early diagnosis of diseases. The Kozhikode wing of the Indian Medical Association, which started its campaign 'no more fever deaths', has started conducting awareness classes about the disease with the help of residential associations in the district.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
[Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness characterized by a typical eschar, generalized lymphadenopathy, skin rashes, and vague non-specific symptoms such as myalgia, headache, and cough. It is characterized by focal or disseminated vasculitis and perivasculitis, which may involve the lung, heart, liver, spleen, and central nervous system. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious complication of scrub typhus; encephalitis, interstitial pneumonia, myocarditis, and pericarditis, acute renal failure, acute hepatic failure, and acute hearing loss can also occur in patients with scrub typhus. In a review of 297 cases of the disease (Lee CS, Hwang JH, Lee HB, Kwon KS: Risk factors leading to fatal outcome in scrub typhus patients. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009; 81(3): 484-8; http://www.ajtmh.org/content/81/3/484.long), a case-fatality rate of 6.7 percent was reported.
Weil and Felix described the classical assay for rickettsial antibody detection in 1916. The methodology took advantage of heterophilic (cross-reacting) antigens of members of the genus _Rickettsia_ and several species of the Gram negative bacillus _Proteus_. In the Weil-Felix test, bacteria of _Proteus vulgaris_ OX-19 agglutinate with sera of those infected with typhus group organisms as well as from the Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) organism _Rickettsia rickettsii_. Cells of _P. vulgaris_ OX-2, on the other hand, agglutinate with sera from individuals with spotted fever infection, except RMSF. The OX-19 agglutination is seen in epidemic typhus, but usually not in Brill-Zinsser recrudescent disease. _P. mirabilis_ OX-K can be similarly used in the serological diagnosis of scrub typhus. Because of the relatively poor sensitivity and specificity of this test, more specific assays can be used for diagnosis, including one for complement fixation antibodies. - Mod.LL]
[A HealthMap/ProMED mail map of India can be seen at http://healthmap.org/r/1h98. A map showing the districts of Kerala can be seen at http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/kerala/kerala.gif. - Sr.Tech.Ed.MJ]
Aktuelle Epidemien in Asien/Seidenstraße
Moderator: Moderatoren
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Gelbsucht / Ikterus evtl. Hepatitis E in Indien - Maharashtr
JAUNDICE - INDIA: (MAHARASHTRA) KOLHAPUR, WATER-BORNE
*****************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Tue 19 Jun 2012
Source: Firstpost [edited]
http://m.firstpost.com/mumbai/jaundice- ... 48985.html
Jaundice outbreak in Maharashtra: 12 dead, 3000 affected
-------------------------------------------------
More than 500 new cases of jaundice have been reported from the textile town of Ichalkaranji in Kolhapur district in the last 4 days and the disease has killed at least 12 people in the last one month, officials said on Monday [18 Jun 2012].
Kolhapur health department suspect that the consumption of contaminated water from the Panchganga river by the people is the cause behind the recent rise in cases of jaundice in Ichalkaranji. "Since 15 May 2012, there have been 3803 cases of jaundice in the city and so far 12 people have already succumbed to the disease," a city health official told IANS [Indo-Asian News Service]. Ichalkaranji is 40 km [24.8 miles] from the district headquarters of Kolhapur and 450 km [280 miles] from Mumbai. On Thursday [14 Jun 2012] Reuters News Agency reported that the figure of those infected with jaundice stood at 3300 patients. With 503 new cases in the past 4 days, the figure has risen to 3803 patients.
Over 1500 patients have been treated and discharged since Fri 15 May 2012, while over 300 patients are still under medical care in hospitals across the city. Over 70 pregnant women have also been hit with jaundice so far, the official said. A pregnant doctor and a government official had also succumbed to jaundice. All schools have been declared closed till Fri 22 Jun 2012.
The town gets it water supply from 2 rivers namely the Panchganga and Krishna rivers. "Water supply from Krishna has been stopped since last 2 months owing to repair work and we suspect that the contaminated water from the Panchganga river is the cause of the disease," Dr Harshala Vedak, Kolhapur's district health officer told IANS.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap alerts
<promed@promedmail.org>
[No specific diagnosis is mentioned but the suspicion is that this extensive outbreak may be due to contamination of river water suggesting that the outbreak is a consequence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. HEV infection has been responsible for outbreaks of jaundice in India in the past. Hepatitis E is caused by infection with hepatitis E virus, a non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Humans are considered to be the natural host for HEV, although antibodies to HEV or closely related viruses have been detected in primates and several other animal species. The highest rates of infection occur in regions where low standards of sanitation promote the transmission of the virus. Epidemics of hepatitis E have been reported in India, South-East Asia, North and West Africa, and in Mexico, especially where faecal contamination of drinking water is common. The risk factors for HEV infection are poor sanitation. Person-to-person transmission is uncommon and there is no evidence of sexual transmission.
In general, hepatitis E is a self-limiting infection followed by recovery. Prolonged viraemia or faecal shedding are unusual and chronic infection does not occur. Occasionally, a fulminant form of hepatitis develops, with overall patient population mortality rates ranging between 0.5% - 4.0 percent. Fulminate hepatitis occurs more frequently in pregnancy and regularly induces a mortality rate of 20 percent among pregnant women in the 3rd trimester. The incubation period following exposure to HEV ranges from 3 to 8 weeks, with a mean of 40 days. The period of communicability is unknown. No chronic infections have been reported. HEV infections are usually self-limited, and hospitalization is generally not required. No available therapy is capable of altering the course of acute infection, and no protective vaccine is available yet. (Further information can be obtained from the WHO web-site at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factshee ... index.html.
The HealthMap interactive map of the Indian state of Maharashtra can be accessed at: http://healthmap.org/r/1*Oa, and a map of Kolhapur district is available at: http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/maharas ... lhapur.htm. - Mod.CP]
*****************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Tue 19 Jun 2012
Source: Firstpost [edited]
http://m.firstpost.com/mumbai/jaundice- ... 48985.html
Jaundice outbreak in Maharashtra: 12 dead, 3000 affected
-------------------------------------------------
More than 500 new cases of jaundice have been reported from the textile town of Ichalkaranji in Kolhapur district in the last 4 days and the disease has killed at least 12 people in the last one month, officials said on Monday [18 Jun 2012].
Kolhapur health department suspect that the consumption of contaminated water from the Panchganga river by the people is the cause behind the recent rise in cases of jaundice in Ichalkaranji. "Since 15 May 2012, there have been 3803 cases of jaundice in the city and so far 12 people have already succumbed to the disease," a city health official told IANS [Indo-Asian News Service]. Ichalkaranji is 40 km [24.8 miles] from the district headquarters of Kolhapur and 450 km [280 miles] from Mumbai. On Thursday [14 Jun 2012] Reuters News Agency reported that the figure of those infected with jaundice stood at 3300 patients. With 503 new cases in the past 4 days, the figure has risen to 3803 patients.
Over 1500 patients have been treated and discharged since Fri 15 May 2012, while over 300 patients are still under medical care in hospitals across the city. Over 70 pregnant women have also been hit with jaundice so far, the official said. A pregnant doctor and a government official had also succumbed to jaundice. All schools have been declared closed till Fri 22 Jun 2012.
The town gets it water supply from 2 rivers namely the Panchganga and Krishna rivers. "Water supply from Krishna has been stopped since last 2 months owing to repair work and we suspect that the contaminated water from the Panchganga river is the cause of the disease," Dr Harshala Vedak, Kolhapur's district health officer told IANS.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap alerts
<promed@promedmail.org>
[No specific diagnosis is mentioned but the suspicion is that this extensive outbreak may be due to contamination of river water suggesting that the outbreak is a consequence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. HEV infection has been responsible for outbreaks of jaundice in India in the past. Hepatitis E is caused by infection with hepatitis E virus, a non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Humans are considered to be the natural host for HEV, although antibodies to HEV or closely related viruses have been detected in primates and several other animal species. The highest rates of infection occur in regions where low standards of sanitation promote the transmission of the virus. Epidemics of hepatitis E have been reported in India, South-East Asia, North and West Africa, and in Mexico, especially where faecal contamination of drinking water is common. The risk factors for HEV infection are poor sanitation. Person-to-person transmission is uncommon and there is no evidence of sexual transmission.
In general, hepatitis E is a self-limiting infection followed by recovery. Prolonged viraemia or faecal shedding are unusual and chronic infection does not occur. Occasionally, a fulminant form of hepatitis develops, with overall patient population mortality rates ranging between 0.5% - 4.0 percent. Fulminate hepatitis occurs more frequently in pregnancy and regularly induces a mortality rate of 20 percent among pregnant women in the 3rd trimester. The incubation period following exposure to HEV ranges from 3 to 8 weeks, with a mean of 40 days. The period of communicability is unknown. No chronic infections have been reported. HEV infections are usually self-limited, and hospitalization is generally not required. No available therapy is capable of altering the course of acute infection, and no protective vaccine is available yet. (Further information can be obtained from the WHO web-site at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factshee ... index.html.
The HealthMap interactive map of the Indian state of Maharashtra can be accessed at: http://healthmap.org/r/1*Oa, and a map of Kolhapur district is available at: http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/maharas ... lhapur.htm. - Mod.CP]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Cholera in Indien - Rajasthan
CHOLERA, DIARRHEA AND DYSENTERY UPDATE 2012 (21): ASIA
**************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
******
Cholera - India (Rajasthan State)
Date: Sun 17 Jun 2012
Source: The Times of India, Times News Network (TNN) [edited]
http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes ... king-water
One more case of cholera was detected in the city of Jaipur on Sat 16 Jun 2012, taking the total number of cases to 4 in the past 20 days.
3 of the cases have been confirmed by the medical, health and family welfare department, while 1 case of cholera was admitted to the LK Lon hospital, and discharged after treatment on Fri 15 Jun 2012.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
[Jaipur, also popularly known as the 'Pink City', is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan. It can be located on the HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map at http://healthmap.org/r/1pX1. - Mod.LL]
**************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
******
Cholera - India (Rajasthan State)
Date: Sun 17 Jun 2012
Source: The Times of India, Times News Network (TNN) [edited]
http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes ... king-water
One more case of cholera was detected in the city of Jaipur on Sat 16 Jun 2012, taking the total number of cases to 4 in the past 20 days.
3 of the cases have been confirmed by the medical, health and family welfare department, while 1 case of cholera was admitted to the LK Lon hospital, and discharged after treatment on Fri 15 Jun 2012.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
[Jaipur, also popularly known as the 'Pink City', is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan. It can be located on the HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map at http://healthmap.org/r/1pX1. - Mod.LL]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Hepatitis E in Indien - Maharashtra
JAUNDICE - INDIA (03): (MAHARASHTRA), KOLHAPUR, HEPATITIS E CONFIRMED
*********************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Thu 21 Jun 2012
Source: The Indian Express [edited]
http://www.indianexpress.com/news/12-he ... ji/964774/
The state has invoked the Epidemic Diseases Act in the textile town of Ichalkaranji in the wake of 12 hepatitis E deaths and over 4085 people infected in a month. As many as 78 pregnant women are also among the infected, of whom 40 in their 3rd trimester have been admitted to hospitals in Kolhapur, some 25 km from Icchalkaranji. Kolhapur civil surgeon Dr L Patil told The Indian Express that the act provides for steps to control and prevent the spread of the disease, such as closure of schools, liquor and wine shops, and ice factories. The primary and secondary schools of the town, which has a population of 300 000, will remain shut until 22 Jun 2012.
Health officials said the National Institute of Virology, Pune has confirmed that a majority of samples from Ichalkaranji had tested positive for hepatitis E [virus]. Of the 12 deaths, 3 were pregnant women. "We have hospitalised 40 women who are in their 3rd trimester. We checked at least 2000 pregnant women, of whom 78 were infected." As many as 2096 patients have been treated on an out-patient basis since 15 May 2012, while 1250 were hospitalised. At least 180 of them are still hospitalised, and no deaths have been reported in the past 3 days, Patil said, adding that nearly 41 villages have also been infected.
A death audit committee, comprising doctors of Kolhapur government medical college and the district deputy director of health, has been constituted to confirm whether the deaths were owing to hepatitis E infection. There have been cases of people with underlying illnesses such as liver cirrhosis.
A review committee has attributed the infection to the Panchganga river. Water from the river was used in the town after filtration due to a shortage in the Krishna river in January, February and March 2012. Health officials say the river is polluted due to release of sewage and industrial process water from Kolhapur. As many as 90 leakages in the drinking water pipeline in Icchalkaranji have also been identified as a source of infection.
Once the infection spread across the 25 wards of Icchalkaranji by 15 May 2012, the municipal corporation stopped [taking] water from the Panchganga river. The civic body has initiated sanitation measures and an awareness campaign with banners and leaflets.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap alerts
<promed@promedmail.org>
[This report confirms that the outbreak of jaundice affecting Kolhapur district has been caused by hepatitis E virus infection through the contamination of municipal drinking water supplies.
The ProMED-mail interactive HealthMap of the Indian state of Maharashtra can be accessed at: http://healthmap.org/r/1*Oa, and a map of Kolhapur district is available at: http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/maharas ... lhapur.htm. - Mod.CP]
*********************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Thu 21 Jun 2012
Source: The Indian Express [edited]
http://www.indianexpress.com/news/12-he ... ji/964774/
The state has invoked the Epidemic Diseases Act in the textile town of Ichalkaranji in the wake of 12 hepatitis E deaths and over 4085 people infected in a month. As many as 78 pregnant women are also among the infected, of whom 40 in their 3rd trimester have been admitted to hospitals in Kolhapur, some 25 km from Icchalkaranji. Kolhapur civil surgeon Dr L Patil told The Indian Express that the act provides for steps to control and prevent the spread of the disease, such as closure of schools, liquor and wine shops, and ice factories. The primary and secondary schools of the town, which has a population of 300 000, will remain shut until 22 Jun 2012.
Health officials said the National Institute of Virology, Pune has confirmed that a majority of samples from Ichalkaranji had tested positive for hepatitis E [virus]. Of the 12 deaths, 3 were pregnant women. "We have hospitalised 40 women who are in their 3rd trimester. We checked at least 2000 pregnant women, of whom 78 were infected." As many as 2096 patients have been treated on an out-patient basis since 15 May 2012, while 1250 were hospitalised. At least 180 of them are still hospitalised, and no deaths have been reported in the past 3 days, Patil said, adding that nearly 41 villages have also been infected.
A death audit committee, comprising doctors of Kolhapur government medical college and the district deputy director of health, has been constituted to confirm whether the deaths were owing to hepatitis E infection. There have been cases of people with underlying illnesses such as liver cirrhosis.
A review committee has attributed the infection to the Panchganga river. Water from the river was used in the town after filtration due to a shortage in the Krishna river in January, February and March 2012. Health officials say the river is polluted due to release of sewage and industrial process water from Kolhapur. As many as 90 leakages in the drinking water pipeline in Icchalkaranji have also been identified as a source of infection.
Once the infection spread across the 25 wards of Icchalkaranji by 15 May 2012, the municipal corporation stopped [taking] water from the Panchganga river. The civic body has initiated sanitation measures and an awareness campaign with banners and leaflets.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap alerts
<promed@promedmail.org>
[This report confirms that the outbreak of jaundice affecting Kolhapur district has been caused by hepatitis E virus infection through the contamination of municipal drinking water supplies.
The ProMED-mail interactive HealthMap of the Indian state of Maharashtra can be accessed at: http://healthmap.org/r/1*Oa, and a map of Kolhapur district is available at: http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/maharas ... lhapur.htm. - Mod.CP]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Denguefieber in Pakistan und Indien
DENGUE/DHF UPDATE 2012 (26)
***************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
*****
- Pakistan (Karachi, Sindh province). 20 Jun 2012. Provincial Dengue Surveillance Cell of Sindh Health Department on Tuesday [19 Jun 2012] confirmed that as many as 3 new cases of dengue fever have been reported in the metropolis. As per the report, as many as 73 cases have been reported in the city during the current year [2012]. Out of the total cases, 71 cases were found positive with the virus.
http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news- ... ed-in-city
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Karachi, Sindh province, can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/1kc-. - Mod.TY]
- India (Chennai, Tamil Nadu state). 23 Jun 2012. The number of dengue cases has touched 181 in the city limits so far this year [2012]. Major zones with dengue cases so far this year, include Royapuram (30 cases), Teynampet (26), Kodambakkam (40), Adyar (20), and AnnaeceNagar (17). The largest number of dengue cases -- 10 -- has been reported in ward no. 138, covering areas in proximity to KK Nagar. According to officials, none of those who contracted the disease had any complications.
http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/che ... 559831.ece
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Chennai, Tamil Nadu state, can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/2bxj. - Mod.TY]
- India (Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala state). 19 Jun 2012. On Monday [18 Jun 2012], 14 dengue cases were reported in the district with the majority of them from the city corporation limits. A total of 1521 fever cases were reported in different hospitals of the district of which 101 patients have been admitted. 5 cases of dengue were reported from Pettah, 3 each from Vallakadavu and Kodappanakkunnu, 2 from Karamana, and one from Thirumala. Apart from this, 16 other suspected cases were also reported from the district.
http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes ... es-doctors
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala state, can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/1iGM. - Mod.TY]
***************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
*****
- Pakistan (Karachi, Sindh province). 20 Jun 2012. Provincial Dengue Surveillance Cell of Sindh Health Department on Tuesday [19 Jun 2012] confirmed that as many as 3 new cases of dengue fever have been reported in the metropolis. As per the report, as many as 73 cases have been reported in the city during the current year [2012]. Out of the total cases, 71 cases were found positive with the virus.
http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news- ... ed-in-city
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Karachi, Sindh province, can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/1kc-. - Mod.TY]
- India (Chennai, Tamil Nadu state). 23 Jun 2012. The number of dengue cases has touched 181 in the city limits so far this year [2012]. Major zones with dengue cases so far this year, include Royapuram (30 cases), Teynampet (26), Kodambakkam (40), Adyar (20), and AnnaeceNagar (17). The largest number of dengue cases -- 10 -- has been reported in ward no. 138, covering areas in proximity to KK Nagar. According to officials, none of those who contracted the disease had any complications.
http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/che ... 559831.ece
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Chennai, Tamil Nadu state, can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/2bxj. - Mod.TY]
- India (Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala state). 19 Jun 2012. On Monday [18 Jun 2012], 14 dengue cases were reported in the district with the majority of them from the city corporation limits. A total of 1521 fever cases were reported in different hospitals of the district of which 101 patients have been admitted. 5 cases of dengue were reported from Pettah, 3 each from Vallakadavu and Kodappanakkunnu, 2 from Karamana, and one from Thirumala. Apart from this, 16 other suspected cases were also reported from the district.
http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes ... es-doctors
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala state, can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/1iGM. - Mod.TY]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Japanische Enzephalitis in Indien - Bihar
JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS AND OTHER - INDIA (07): (BIHAR)
******************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Thu 28 Jun 2012
Source: Zee News, Indo Asian News Service (IANS) report [edited]
http://zeenews.india.com/news/health/ex ... 17654.html
It is official now, the acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) that has killed 233 children in Bihar since May [2012] is not Japanese encephalitis, announced Thursday [28 Jun 2012] the Pune-based National Institute of Virology (NIV).
"In fact the disease remains a mysterious one," Additional Secretary (Health) RP Ojha said. "NIV has told the Bihar government that no one had a positive strain [test?] for Japanese encephalitis," he said.
According to him, the NIV collected cerebral spinal fluid and blood samples of 73 patients from Muzaffarpur district.
Earlier this month [June 2012], Health Minister Ashwani Kumar Choubey announced that the mysterious disease was AES.
Ojha said of the 599 children with AES symptoms admitted to hospitals in Muzaffarpur, Patna, and Gaya, 233 have died.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail Rapporteur Mary Marshall
[The encephalitis situation in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh states remains unclear. Although reports from this year (2012) and previous years implicates Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infections in at least some of the acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) cases, the report above rules out JEV infections in the current Bihar cases. The question now is -- if not JEV infections, then what is the etiological agent involved? A recent publication attributed AES cases to heat stroke, rather than to an infectious disease (see ProMED-mail archive no 20120613.1166861). No mention is made of that possible etiology in the report above.
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Bihar state can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/1*O9. - Mod.TY]
******************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Thu 28 Jun 2012
Source: Zee News, Indo Asian News Service (IANS) report [edited]
http://zeenews.india.com/news/health/ex ... 17654.html
It is official now, the acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) that has killed 233 children in Bihar since May [2012] is not Japanese encephalitis, announced Thursday [28 Jun 2012] the Pune-based National Institute of Virology (NIV).
"In fact the disease remains a mysterious one," Additional Secretary (Health) RP Ojha said. "NIV has told the Bihar government that no one had a positive strain [test?] for Japanese encephalitis," he said.
According to him, the NIV collected cerebral spinal fluid and blood samples of 73 patients from Muzaffarpur district.
Earlier this month [June 2012], Health Minister Ashwani Kumar Choubey announced that the mysterious disease was AES.
Ojha said of the 599 children with AES symptoms admitted to hospitals in Muzaffarpur, Patna, and Gaya, 233 have died.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail Rapporteur Mary Marshall
[The encephalitis situation in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh states remains unclear. Although reports from this year (2012) and previous years implicates Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infections in at least some of the acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) cases, the report above rules out JEV infections in the current Bihar cases. The question now is -- if not JEV infections, then what is the etiological agent involved? A recent publication attributed AES cases to heat stroke, rather than to an infectious disease (see ProMED-mail archive no 20120613.1166861). No mention is made of that possible etiology in the report above.
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Bihar state can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/1*O9. - Mod.TY]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Japanische Enzephalitis in Indien - Bihar
JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS AND OTHER - INDIA (08): (BIHAR) COMMENT, REQUEST FOR INFORMATION
**************************************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Sat 30 Jun 2012
From: Dr.Steve Berger [edited]
re: Japanese encephalitis & other - India (07): (BI) 20120629.1184898
-----------------------------------------------------------
I ran the following through Gideon www.GideonOnline.com :
India, epidemic, fatal infection, encephalitis.
Assuming a single infectious etiology, the following are suggested as
althernative diagnoses which might not be included in routine testing:
Nipah virus infection
Kyasanur Forest disease
Chandipura
West Nile fever
Gideon also lists two additional regional diseases which have not been
reported in India to date:
Tick-borne encephalitis (? milk-borne)
Banna virus infection
--
Communicated by:
Steve Berger
Geographic Medicine
Tel Aviv Medical Center
[It would be of interest to know if the Indian National Institute of Virology tested for any of the above pathogens when they processed cerebral spinal fluid and blood samples of the 73 patients from Muzaffarpur district. Interestingly, the Gideon search does not list enteroviruses. Many of the reports from Bihar and Uttar Pradesh states associate the encephalitis cases with polluted water, suggesting enterovirus etiologies. ProMED thanks Steve Berger for providing the Gideon information.
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Bihar state can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/1*O9. - Mod.TY]
**************************************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Sat 30 Jun 2012
From: Dr.Steve Berger [edited]
re: Japanese encephalitis & other - India (07): (BI) 20120629.1184898
-----------------------------------------------------------
I ran the following through Gideon www.GideonOnline.com :
India, epidemic, fatal infection, encephalitis.
Assuming a single infectious etiology, the following are suggested as
althernative diagnoses which might not be included in routine testing:
Nipah virus infection
Kyasanur Forest disease
Chandipura
West Nile fever
Gideon also lists two additional regional diseases which have not been
reported in India to date:
Tick-borne encephalitis (? milk-borne)
Banna virus infection
--
Communicated by:
Steve Berger
Geographic Medicine
Tel Aviv Medical Center
[It would be of interest to know if the Indian National Institute of Virology tested for any of the above pathogens when they processed cerebral spinal fluid and blood samples of the 73 patients from Muzaffarpur district. Interestingly, the Gideon search does not list enteroviruses. Many of the reports from Bihar and Uttar Pradesh states associate the encephalitis cases with polluted water, suggesting enterovirus etiologies. ProMED thanks Steve Berger for providing the Gideon information.
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Bihar state can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/1*O9. - Mod.TY]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Chikungunya in Indien - West Bengal
CHIKUNGUNYA (06): INDIA (WEST BENGAL)
*************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Sat 30 Jun 2012
Source: Daily News & Analysis (DNA) [edited]
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_ch ... al_1708846
Over 1000 persons were affected following the outbreak of chikungunya [virus infection] in 3 blocks of Jalpaiguri district in past 2 months, official sources said.
An estimated 400-450 fell ill in past few days alone in the Madarihat, Kalchini and Dhupguri blocks of the district, the sources said.
The symptoms confirmed chikungunya outbreak which is caused [virus transmitted] by _Aedes aegypti_ mosquitoes due to the habit of labourers of tea garden to keep stored water for drinking as stagnant water gives birth to the larvae.
A medical team went to the area.
The ailing persons had been taken to local health centre, hospitals.
Though unconfirmed reports said 8 deaths had been reported in the area in May-June, the health department did not confirm any death as caused by any mosquito-borne disease.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap Alerts
<promed@promedmail.org>
[This report provides no information about the basis for the chikungunya virus diagnosis, or how it was differentiated from dengue virus infections. Chikungunya virus infections are seldom, if ever, fatal. Chikungunya virus is endemic in many parts of India, and sporadic cases occur there frequently. The last reported outbreak in West Bengal state was in 2008 (see ProMED-mail archive no. 20080102.0013). This alphavirus is transmitted by _Aedes aegypti_ and _Ae. albopictus_ mosquitoes.
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of West Bengal state can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/00BU. - Mod. TY]
*************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Sat 30 Jun 2012
Source: Daily News & Analysis (DNA) [edited]
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_ch ... al_1708846
Over 1000 persons were affected following the outbreak of chikungunya [virus infection] in 3 blocks of Jalpaiguri district in past 2 months, official sources said.
An estimated 400-450 fell ill in past few days alone in the Madarihat, Kalchini and Dhupguri blocks of the district, the sources said.
The symptoms confirmed chikungunya outbreak which is caused [virus transmitted] by _Aedes aegypti_ mosquitoes due to the habit of labourers of tea garden to keep stored water for drinking as stagnant water gives birth to the larvae.
A medical team went to the area.
The ailing persons had been taken to local health centre, hospitals.
Though unconfirmed reports said 8 deaths had been reported in the area in May-June, the health department did not confirm any death as caused by any mosquito-borne disease.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap Alerts
<promed@promedmail.org>
[This report provides no information about the basis for the chikungunya virus diagnosis, or how it was differentiated from dengue virus infections. Chikungunya virus infections are seldom, if ever, fatal. Chikungunya virus is endemic in many parts of India, and sporadic cases occur there frequently. The last reported outbreak in West Bengal state was in 2008 (see ProMED-mail archive no. 20080102.0013). This alphavirus is transmitted by _Aedes aegypti_ and _Ae. albopictus_ mosquitoes.
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of West Bengal state can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/00BU. - Mod. TY]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Japanische Enzephalitis in Indien - Assam
JAPANESE ENCEPHALITISAND OTHER - INDIA (09):: (ASSAM)
******************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Sun 1 Jul 2012
Source: Assam Times [edited]
http://www.assamtimes.org/hot-news/6917.html
Assam is in deep grip of the killer Japanese encephalitis where the [death] toll has gone up to 20. That too in Sivasagar district alone. Over 100 people from the district have been under going treatment in the various hospital. According to reports, cases of acute encephalitis syndrome [AES} are on the rise. The number has shot up to 332 till Saturday. The death toll has touched 50.
The worst-hit districts are Kamrup, Sivasagar, Dhubri, Morigaon, Darrang and Nalbari. Doctors blame it all on the halt in fogging due to the floods and rain. They said that during monsoons, people are more prone to diseases. Government efforts are on to keep the situation under control. Although vaccination is said to be an effective way to deal with this menace, the next vaccination programme is not known.
--
Communicated by:
Ronan Kelly
[There was a significant outbreak of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infections, with deaths, last year (2011). In that year, there were 351 cases and 89 deaths due to JEV infection reported in Assam up to 9 Aug 2011 (see ProMED-mail archive no. 20110824.2582). The etiologies of all of the current cases, above, are not clearly indicated. Some are reported as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infections, and failure to carry out mosquito vector control by fogging is blamed for the cases. Vaccination, presumably for JEV, is mentioned as well. However, the total number of AES cases and deaths is more than that reported for JEV infections. As in the situation in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh states, the etiologies of the AES cases are not given. The most recent report from Bihar state ruled out JEV as involved in their encephalitis cases.
Ronan Kelly is thanked for sending in this report.
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Assam state can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/00J-. - Mod. TY]
******************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Sun 1 Jul 2012
Source: Assam Times [edited]
http://www.assamtimes.org/hot-news/6917.html
Assam is in deep grip of the killer Japanese encephalitis where the [death] toll has gone up to 20. That too in Sivasagar district alone. Over 100 people from the district have been under going treatment in the various hospital. According to reports, cases of acute encephalitis syndrome [AES} are on the rise. The number has shot up to 332 till Saturday. The death toll has touched 50.
The worst-hit districts are Kamrup, Sivasagar, Dhubri, Morigaon, Darrang and Nalbari. Doctors blame it all on the halt in fogging due to the floods and rain. They said that during monsoons, people are more prone to diseases. Government efforts are on to keep the situation under control. Although vaccination is said to be an effective way to deal with this menace, the next vaccination programme is not known.
--
Communicated by:
Ronan Kelly
[There was a significant outbreak of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infections, with deaths, last year (2011). In that year, there were 351 cases and 89 deaths due to JEV infection reported in Assam up to 9 Aug 2011 (see ProMED-mail archive no. 20110824.2582). The etiologies of all of the current cases, above, are not clearly indicated. Some are reported as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infections, and failure to carry out mosquito vector control by fogging is blamed for the cases. Vaccination, presumably for JEV, is mentioned as well. However, the total number of AES cases and deaths is more than that reported for JEV infections. As in the situation in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh states, the etiologies of the AES cases are not given. The most recent report from Bihar state ruled out JEV as involved in their encephalitis cases.
Ronan Kelly is thanked for sending in this report.
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Assam state can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/00J-. - Mod. TY]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Chikungunya in Indien - West Bengal
CHIKUNGUNYA (06): INDIA (WEST BENGAL)
*************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Sat 30 Jun 2012
Source: Daily News & Analysis (DNA) [edited]
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_ch ... al_1708846
Over 1000 persons were affected following the outbreak of chikungunya [virus infection] in 3 blocks of Jalpaiguri district in past 2 months, official sources said.
An estimated 400-450 fell ill in past few days alone in the Madarihat, Kalchini and Dhupguri blocks of the district, the sources said.
The symptoms confirmed chikungunya outbreak which is caused [virus transmitted] by _Aedes aegypti_ mosquitoes due to the habit of labourers of tea garden to keep stored water for drinking as stagnant water gives birth to the larvae.
A medical team went to the area.
The ailing persons had been taken to local health centre, hospitals.
Though unconfirmed reports said 8 deaths had been reported in the area in May-June, the health department did not confirm any death as caused by any mosquito-borne disease.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap Alerts
<promed@promedmail.org>
[This report provides no information about the basis for the chikungunya virus diagnosis, or how it was differentiated from dengue virus infections. Chikungunya virus infections are seldom, if ever, fatal. Chikungunya virus is endemic in many parts of India, and sporadic cases occur there frequently. The last reported outbreak in West Bengal state was in 2008 (see ProMED-mail archive no. 20080102.0013). This alphavirus is transmitted by _Aedes aegypti_ and _Ae. albopictus_ mosquitoes.
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of West Bengal state can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/00BU. - Mod. TY]
*************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Sat 30 Jun 2012
Source: Daily News & Analysis (DNA) [edited]
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_ch ... al_1708846
Over 1000 persons were affected following the outbreak of chikungunya [virus infection] in 3 blocks of Jalpaiguri district in past 2 months, official sources said.
An estimated 400-450 fell ill in past few days alone in the Madarihat, Kalchini and Dhupguri blocks of the district, the sources said.
The symptoms confirmed chikungunya outbreak which is caused [virus transmitted] by _Aedes aegypti_ mosquitoes due to the habit of labourers of tea garden to keep stored water for drinking as stagnant water gives birth to the larvae.
A medical team went to the area.
The ailing persons had been taken to local health centre, hospitals.
Though unconfirmed reports said 8 deaths had been reported in the area in May-June, the health department did not confirm any death as caused by any mosquito-borne disease.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap Alerts
<promed@promedmail.org>
[This report provides no information about the basis for the chikungunya virus diagnosis, or how it was differentiated from dengue virus infections. Chikungunya virus infections are seldom, if ever, fatal. Chikungunya virus is endemic in many parts of India, and sporadic cases occur there frequently. The last reported outbreak in West Bengal state was in 2008 (see ProMED-mail archive no. 20080102.0013). This alphavirus is transmitted by _Aedes aegypti_ and _Ae. albopictus_ mosquitoes.
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of West Bengal state can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/00BU. - Mod. TY]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Lepra in Indien
LEPROSY - INDIA (04): (MAHARASHTRA)
***********************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Mon 2 Jul 2012
Source: Hindustan Times, West India [edited]
http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-new ... 81918.aspx
More than half of the leprosy cases detected in Mumbai in 2011-12 comprised patients in their advanced stages. This has raised concerns of delayed detection of leprosy, said doctors.
The number of patients being detected with advanced stage of leprosy has increased by 7 per cent over the last year. Of the 709 leprosy cases reported in 2011-12, 399 cases were classified under the multibacillary (MB) category, which has a higher bacillary load, indicating a possibility of higher chances of spreading the infection.
According to the data collected by the Directorate of Health Services, Maharashtra, under the National Leprosy Elimination Program, the overall number of leprosy cases in the city has reduced marginally this year [2012] as 792 cases were detected in 2010-11.
However, doctors said that several patients in cities consult private doctors, who may not report the disease at all. "Patients tend to hide the disease because of the stigma attached to it. Hence we usually get lesser numbers in urban areas," said S Kingsley from Alert-India, an NGO working with leprosy patients.
In 2011-12, 11 per cent of the new cases were detected with visible lifetime deformity.
[byline: Priyanka Vora]
--
communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap alerts
<promed@promedmail.org>
[Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by a bacillus, _Mycobacterium leprae_ (http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs101/en/). _M. leprae_ multiplies very slowly and the incubation period of the disease is about 5 years. Symptoms can take as long as 20 years to appear. Although leprosy is not highly contagious, because patients with the lepromatous form of leprosy excrete enormous numbers of leprosy bacilli in their nasal secretions (that is, are multibacillary), a patient with untreated lepromatous leprosy poses increased risk for transmission of the infection to close, long-term contacts, such as household members. As the organism is also present in skin lesions in these patients, skin contact is thought to be another mode of spread. Because the organisms that are shed by lepromatous patients can persist on surfaces in the environment, fomites are also a potential source of infection. Casual and short-term contact does not seem pose a risk for spread the disease.
Leprosy is treated with dapsone, rifampin, and clofazimine. These drugs are provided by WHO free to all patients in the world since 1995; see http://www.novartis.com/corporate-respo ... rosy.shtml. Patients are no longer infectious after the 1st dose of the treatment regimen. Patients with paucibacillary leprosy treated with rifampin and dapsone are cured within 6 months and multibacillary patients treated with rifampin, dapsone, and clofazimine are cured within 12 months.
The WHO South East Asia Region (SEAR) that includes India achieved the elimination of leprosy as a public health problem (that is, a prevalence of less than one case per 10 000 population) in December 2005 (http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/S ... on2293.htm); the Regional prevalence rate steadily declined from 4.6/10 000 population in 1996 to 0.82/10 000 population as of July 2006; and the Regional new case detection also declined from a peak of 47.8/100 000 in 1998 to 11.9/100 000 as of March 2006.
Between 1985 and 2005, more than 15 million leprosy cases were cured globally. Of these, about 12.8 million were from the SEA Region, of which India accounted for about 11.8 million (http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/S ... on2293.htm). The July 2006 prevalence rate in India was 0.88 per 10 000 (http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/S ... _12162.htm). With a population of about 1.1 billion people, that means there are almost 100 000 patients reported with leprosy in India in 2006.
India, Brazil, and Indonesia are the 3 countries that have the greatest number of leprosy cases. The top 10 countries in new case detections in 2005 are India, Brazil, Indonesia, DR Congo, Bangladesh, Nepal, Mozambique, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and Tanzania. Together, they constitute about 96 per cent of year 2005's global new case detections. The SEAR contributed about 69 per cent of 2005 global new case detections (http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/S ... on2293.htm).
WHO emphasizes that sustained political commitment and adequate resources for leprosy services are required, especially for currently under-served population groups such as remote rural areas, urban slums, migrant labor, to sustain elimination at national levels, and progress towards further reducing the burden of leprosy. Also strengthening integration of leprosy services into the general health system through capacity building and skill development is required to ensure and sustain quality leprosy services, including diagnosis and treatment and prevention/care of disabilities (http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/S ... on2293.htm).
A map of the states of India can be accessed at http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ ... ourism.gif. The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/2GIs. - Mod.ML]
***********************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Mon 2 Jul 2012
Source: Hindustan Times, West India [edited]
http://www.hindustantimes.com/India-new ... 81918.aspx
More than half of the leprosy cases detected in Mumbai in 2011-12 comprised patients in their advanced stages. This has raised concerns of delayed detection of leprosy, said doctors.
The number of patients being detected with advanced stage of leprosy has increased by 7 per cent over the last year. Of the 709 leprosy cases reported in 2011-12, 399 cases were classified under the multibacillary (MB) category, which has a higher bacillary load, indicating a possibility of higher chances of spreading the infection.
According to the data collected by the Directorate of Health Services, Maharashtra, under the National Leprosy Elimination Program, the overall number of leprosy cases in the city has reduced marginally this year [2012] as 792 cases were detected in 2010-11.
However, doctors said that several patients in cities consult private doctors, who may not report the disease at all. "Patients tend to hide the disease because of the stigma attached to it. Hence we usually get lesser numbers in urban areas," said S Kingsley from Alert-India, an NGO working with leprosy patients.
In 2011-12, 11 per cent of the new cases were detected with visible lifetime deformity.
[byline: Priyanka Vora]
--
communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap alerts
<promed@promedmail.org>
[Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by a bacillus, _Mycobacterium leprae_ (http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs101/en/). _M. leprae_ multiplies very slowly and the incubation period of the disease is about 5 years. Symptoms can take as long as 20 years to appear. Although leprosy is not highly contagious, because patients with the lepromatous form of leprosy excrete enormous numbers of leprosy bacilli in their nasal secretions (that is, are multibacillary), a patient with untreated lepromatous leprosy poses increased risk for transmission of the infection to close, long-term contacts, such as household members. As the organism is also present in skin lesions in these patients, skin contact is thought to be another mode of spread. Because the organisms that are shed by lepromatous patients can persist on surfaces in the environment, fomites are also a potential source of infection. Casual and short-term contact does not seem pose a risk for spread the disease.
Leprosy is treated with dapsone, rifampin, and clofazimine. These drugs are provided by WHO free to all patients in the world since 1995; see http://www.novartis.com/corporate-respo ... rosy.shtml. Patients are no longer infectious after the 1st dose of the treatment regimen. Patients with paucibacillary leprosy treated with rifampin and dapsone are cured within 6 months and multibacillary patients treated with rifampin, dapsone, and clofazimine are cured within 12 months.
The WHO South East Asia Region (SEAR) that includes India achieved the elimination of leprosy as a public health problem (that is, a prevalence of less than one case per 10 000 population) in December 2005 (http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/S ... on2293.htm); the Regional prevalence rate steadily declined from 4.6/10 000 population in 1996 to 0.82/10 000 population as of July 2006; and the Regional new case detection also declined from a peak of 47.8/100 000 in 1998 to 11.9/100 000 as of March 2006.
Between 1985 and 2005, more than 15 million leprosy cases were cured globally. Of these, about 12.8 million were from the SEA Region, of which India accounted for about 11.8 million (http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/S ... on2293.htm). The July 2006 prevalence rate in India was 0.88 per 10 000 (http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/S ... _12162.htm). With a population of about 1.1 billion people, that means there are almost 100 000 patients reported with leprosy in India in 2006.
India, Brazil, and Indonesia are the 3 countries that have the greatest number of leprosy cases. The top 10 countries in new case detections in 2005 are India, Brazil, Indonesia, DR Congo, Bangladesh, Nepal, Mozambique, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and Tanzania. Together, they constitute about 96 per cent of year 2005's global new case detections. The SEAR contributed about 69 per cent of 2005 global new case detections (http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/S ... on2293.htm).
WHO emphasizes that sustained political commitment and adequate resources for leprosy services are required, especially for currently under-served population groups such as remote rural areas, urban slums, migrant labor, to sustain elimination at national levels, and progress towards further reducing the burden of leprosy. Also strengthening integration of leprosy services into the general health system through capacity building and skill development is required to ensure and sustain quality leprosy services, including diagnosis and treatment and prevention/care of disabilities (http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/S ... on2293.htm).
A map of the states of India can be accessed at http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ ... ourism.gif. The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/2GIs. - Mod.ML]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Denguefieber in Indien
DENGUE/DHF UPDATE 2012 (27)
****************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
*****
- India (Bangalore, Karnataka state). 27 Jun 2012. As many as 92 patients have tested positive for dengue at the Baptist Hospital, Hebbal, in June and more than 20 cases were reported in May [2012]. According to the doctors at the hospital, the number of cases were increasing gradually and most of the patients were between 20 and 50 years of age. There has been a considerable increase in the paediatric cases, with nearly 30 per cent of the total number of cases confirming dengue. http://www.deccanherald.com/content/260 ... dengue.htm
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Bangalore can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/1Hg8. - Mod.TY]
- India (Bangalore, Karnataka state, deaths). 26 Jun 2012. In Karntaka, 5 people have lost their lives to dengue [virus infections] since January 2012, but none in Bangalore. The city has reported 45 positive cases of dengue. In the last 14 days, there have been 13 positive cases reported in the city. There were 10 cases reported in the month of May.
http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes ... y-measures
- India (Kolar district, Karnataka state). 27 Jun 2012. Dengue has claimed 45 lives in the district so far this year [2012], according to Dr G Prakash, Kumar, district health officer. In his report submitted to the Zilla Panchayat on 21 Jun [2012], he had stated that 32 cases of dengue deaths were reported and in 4 days it has increased to 45.
http://www.deccanherald.com/content/260 ... trict.html
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/2GIr. - Mod.TY]
- India (Delhi). 25 Jun 2012. The official count of dengue cases has gone up to 6. This time the cases have started to be reported even before the onset of monsoon, indicating that the disease might spread severely. 2 new cases of dengue have been reported in Max Life Care hospital in Dwarka, south west Delhi. Dr Nitendra Singh, the treating doctor for both, has confirmed the finding. Both the patients belong to the same family from Pochanpur Village.
http://www.deccanherald.com/content/259 ... nsoon.html
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Delhi can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/01Jf. - Mod.TY]
****************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
*****
- India (Bangalore, Karnataka state). 27 Jun 2012. As many as 92 patients have tested positive for dengue at the Baptist Hospital, Hebbal, in June and more than 20 cases were reported in May [2012]. According to the doctors at the hospital, the number of cases were increasing gradually and most of the patients were between 20 and 50 years of age. There has been a considerable increase in the paediatric cases, with nearly 30 per cent of the total number of cases confirming dengue. http://www.deccanherald.com/content/260 ... dengue.htm
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Bangalore can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/1Hg8. - Mod.TY]
- India (Bangalore, Karnataka state, deaths). 26 Jun 2012. In Karntaka, 5 people have lost their lives to dengue [virus infections] since January 2012, but none in Bangalore. The city has reported 45 positive cases of dengue. In the last 14 days, there have been 13 positive cases reported in the city. There were 10 cases reported in the month of May.
http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes ... y-measures
- India (Kolar district, Karnataka state). 27 Jun 2012. Dengue has claimed 45 lives in the district so far this year [2012], according to Dr G Prakash, Kumar, district health officer. In his report submitted to the Zilla Panchayat on 21 Jun [2012], he had stated that 32 cases of dengue deaths were reported and in 4 days it has increased to 45.
http://www.deccanherald.com/content/260 ... trict.html
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/2GIr. - Mod.TY]
- India (Delhi). 25 Jun 2012. The official count of dengue cases has gone up to 6. This time the cases have started to be reported even before the onset of monsoon, indicating that the disease might spread severely. 2 new cases of dengue have been reported in Max Life Care hospital in Dwarka, south west Delhi. Dr Nitendra Singh, the treating doctor for both, has confirmed the finding. Both the patients belong to the same family from Pochanpur Village.
http://www.deccanherald.com/content/259 ... nsoon.html
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Delhi can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/01Jf. - Mod.TY]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Lepra in Indien
LEPROSY - INDIA (05): (MAHARASHTRA) COMMENT
*******************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Wed 4 Jul 2012
Source: Source: GIDEON (Global Infectious Disease & Epidemiology Network) [edited]
http://www.gideononline.com
Re: ProMED-mail Leprosy - India (04): (MH) 20120703.1188726
-----------------------------------------------------------
India continues to account for over 50 per cent of the global leprosy burden; however, since 2004 disease rates per 100 000 population in Brazil have exceeded those in India. [1-3] See graphs at http://www.gideononline.com/wp/wp-conte ... yIndia.png.
References
----------
1. Berger SA. Infectious diseases of India, 2012. 503 pages, 67 graphs, 4248 references. Gideon e-books, http://www.gideononline.com/ebooks/coun ... -of-india/
2. Berger SA. Leprosy: global status, 2012. 236 pages, 376 graphs, 226 references. Gideon e-books, http://www.gideononline.com/ebooks/dise ... al-status/
3. Gideon Graph Tool at http://www.GIDEONonline.com/wp/wp-conte ... Graphs.pps
--
communicated by:
Dr Steve Berger
Geographic Medicine
Tel Aviv Medical Center
Israel
[ProMED-mail thanks Steve Berger for his comments.
A map of the states of India can be accessed at http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ ... ourism.gif. The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/2GIs. - Mod.ML]
*******************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Wed 4 Jul 2012
Source: Source: GIDEON (Global Infectious Disease & Epidemiology Network) [edited]
http://www.gideononline.com
Re: ProMED-mail Leprosy - India (04): (MH) 20120703.1188726
-----------------------------------------------------------
India continues to account for over 50 per cent of the global leprosy burden; however, since 2004 disease rates per 100 000 population in Brazil have exceeded those in India. [1-3] See graphs at http://www.gideononline.com/wp/wp-conte ... yIndia.png.
References
----------
1. Berger SA. Infectious diseases of India, 2012. 503 pages, 67 graphs, 4248 references. Gideon e-books, http://www.gideononline.com/ebooks/coun ... -of-india/
2. Berger SA. Leprosy: global status, 2012. 236 pages, 376 graphs, 226 references. Gideon e-books, http://www.gideononline.com/ebooks/dise ... al-status/
3. Gideon Graph Tool at http://www.GIDEONonline.com/wp/wp-conte ... Graphs.pps
--
communicated by:
Dr Steve Berger
Geographic Medicine
Tel Aviv Medical Center
Israel
[ProMED-mail thanks Steve Berger for his comments.
A map of the states of India can be accessed at http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ ... ourism.gif. The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/2GIs. - Mod.ML]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Denguefieber in Indien
DENGUE/DHF UPDATE 2012 (28)
***************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
*****
India (Thiruvanathapuram, Kerala state) 4 Jul 2012. Nemom block in the district has become the most sensitive region for dengue fever. Out of the 957 cases reported from the district, 300 cases are from the regions coming under this block.
http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes ... ver-dengue
[A map showing the location of Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala state can be accessed at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram. A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Kerala state, can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/1dR5. - Mod.TY]
***************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
*****
India (Thiruvanathapuram, Kerala state) 4 Jul 2012. Nemom block in the district has become the most sensitive region for dengue fever. Out of the 957 cases reported from the district, 300 cases are from the regions coming under this block.
http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes ... ver-dengue
[A map showing the location of Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala state can be accessed at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram. A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map showing the location of Kerala state, can be accessed at http://healthmap.org/r/1dR5. - Mod.TY]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35263
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Cholera in Indien
CHOLERA, DIARRHEA AND DYSENTERY UPDATE 2012 (27): ASIA
**************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
*****
[1] Cholera - India (Banaskantha district, Gujarat State)
Date: Thu 5 Jul 2012
Source: Daily News & Analysis (DNA) [edited]
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_5- ... ll_1711081
5 people have died of cholera in the last 3-4 days in Dhanera town of Banaskantha district while nearly 200 others have taken ill with diarrhea-like symptoms. The district administration, however, says only one person has died of cholera.
The district collector on Wed 4 Jul 2012, declared Dhanera, a town of around 25 000 people, as cholera-affected. JB Vora, district collector, Banaskantha, was in Dhanera on 4 Jul 2012. He said nearly 200 cases of diarrhea had been reported in the town over the last 3-4 days.
"Some samples from patients were sent to BJ Medical College in Ahmedabad for testing. As one patient had tested positive for cholera, we have notified Dhanera as a cholera-affected town," Vora said.
Talking about the possible reasons for the outbreak of the disease, chief district health officer Dr AH Acharya said that water contamination was the most likely reason.
"But how the water got contaminated is being looked into by teams from Dhanera municipality. Currently, there are 18 indoor patients. The rest were given primary treatment and then under observation for some time. They were then discharged," Acharya said.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India can be seen at http://healthmap.org/r/2J3x. - Sr.Tech.Ed.MJ]
******
[2] Cholera - India (Ahmedabad, Gujarat State)
Date: Tue 3 Jul 2012
Source: Daily News & Analysis (DNA) [edited]
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_45 ... ry_1709968
In the month of June 2012 alone, 25 cases of cholera were registered in various hospitals of the city of Ahmedabad, taking the total number of cases to 45 since January 2012. It should be noted that in 2011, 57 cases of cholera were reported in the entire year, whereas 45 cases have already been recorded in 6 months of the new year. Also, the officials of AMC's health department believe that the numbers will rise further. They say that the situation, though not alarming now, as the cases of cholera are coming from scattered vicinities and not from any concentrated areas, yet the civic body is taking adequate precautions so that things don't get out of hand, said IK Patel, deputy municipal commissioner of AMC's health department.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
[Ahmedabad can be located on the HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map at http://healthmap.org/r/1iSU. - Sr.Tech.Ed.MJ]
**************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
*****
[1] Cholera - India (Banaskantha district, Gujarat State)
Date: Thu 5 Jul 2012
Source: Daily News & Analysis (DNA) [edited]
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_5- ... ll_1711081
5 people have died of cholera in the last 3-4 days in Dhanera town of Banaskantha district while nearly 200 others have taken ill with diarrhea-like symptoms. The district administration, however, says only one person has died of cholera.
The district collector on Wed 4 Jul 2012, declared Dhanera, a town of around 25 000 people, as cholera-affected. JB Vora, district collector, Banaskantha, was in Dhanera on 4 Jul 2012. He said nearly 200 cases of diarrhea had been reported in the town over the last 3-4 days.
"Some samples from patients were sent to BJ Medical College in Ahmedabad for testing. As one patient had tested positive for cholera, we have notified Dhanera as a cholera-affected town," Vora said.
Talking about the possible reasons for the outbreak of the disease, chief district health officer Dr AH Acharya said that water contamination was the most likely reason.
"But how the water got contaminated is being looked into by teams from Dhanera municipality. Currently, there are 18 indoor patients. The rest were given primary treatment and then under observation for some time. They were then discharged," Acharya said.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
[A HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India can be seen at http://healthmap.org/r/2J3x. - Sr.Tech.Ed.MJ]
******
[2] Cholera - India (Ahmedabad, Gujarat State)
Date: Tue 3 Jul 2012
Source: Daily News & Analysis (DNA) [edited]
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_45 ... ry_1709968
In the month of June 2012 alone, 25 cases of cholera were registered in various hospitals of the city of Ahmedabad, taking the total number of cases to 45 since January 2012. It should be noted that in 2011, 57 cases of cholera were reported in the entire year, whereas 45 cases have already been recorded in 6 months of the new year. Also, the officials of AMC's health department believe that the numbers will rise further. They say that the situation, though not alarming now, as the cases of cholera are coming from scattered vicinities and not from any concentrated areas, yet the civic body is taking adequate precautions so that things don't get out of hand, said IK Patel, deputy municipal commissioner of AMC's health department.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
[Ahmedabad can be located on the HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map at http://healthmap.org/r/1iSU. - Sr.Tech.Ed.MJ]
