UNDIAGNOSED HEMORRHAGIC FEVER, FATAL - INDIA (02): (GUJARAT)
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER CONFIRMED
***************************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Tue 18 Jan 2010
Source: Thaindian News, Indo Asian News Service (IANS) report [edited]
<http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/hea ... 89848.html>
Mystery virus which killed 3 identified
---------------------------------------
The mystery virus that created a panic of sorts among the medical
fraternity in Ahmedabad [Gujarat] following the death of a patient,
her consulting doctor, and nurse, has been identified, state Health
Minister Jay Narayan Vyas [in Gandhinagar] Tuesday [18 Jan 2011].
According to the Minister, a sample sent to the National Institute of
Virology, Pune [Maharashtra], has been identified as Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) [virus].
A woman from Kolat village of Sanand Taluka near Ahmedabad was
admitted to a private hospital in Ahmedabad in the 1st week of
January [2011] after she was reported suffering from a mysterious
fever. The patient subsequently died. There was consternation in
medical circles when her consulting doctor, who had examined her,
also passed away as did the nurse, who had attended to her.
Vyas said that the state government was not taking chances and a team
of experts headed by Kamlesh Upadhyaya has been constituted to take
charge of the matter. "Survey teams have fanned out in a 5 km [3 mi]
area of the village to which the patient belonged to carry out a door
to door check," he added.
Meanwhile, a team from Delhi is expected here in the next 2 days to
conduct a study. Municipal health authorities said that random
sampling was being done in the city hospitals to check if there was
any spread of the virus.
--
Communicated by:
Ronan Kelly
<ronankelly@comcast.net>
[The previous post in this thread predicted that the undiagnosed
fever might be caused by Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus. The
confirmation above becomes the 1st report in ProMED-mail of the
occurrence of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in India. It
is likely that CCHF virus is present ticks in the vicinity of Kolat
village and their eradication should be undertaken.
This report records a 3rd death. The deceased are the patient, the
attending physician, and the ICU nurse. The condition of the victim's
husband who is being treated in hospital is not revealed. - Mod.CP]
Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber
Moderator: Moderatoren
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Birgitt
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Re: Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER - INDIA: (GUJARAT)
***********************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
In this report:
[1] Human fatalities
[2] Presence in ticks
******
[1] Human fatalities
Date: Sat 22 Jan 2011
Source: DNA (Daily News and Analysis) [edited]
<http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_tw ... at_1497564>
Two more cases of the Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF), which
has already claimed 3 lives in Ahmedabad in the past fortnight, were
detected on Friday [21 Jan 2011], taking the number of confirmed
cases to 5. While one of them is the husband of CCHF's 1st victim,
the 2nd is a male nurse at Shalby Hospital, where patients of the
near-fatal infection were treated earlier.
The National Institute of Virology in Pune has confirmed that the
23-year-old male nurse, working in Shalby Hospital, has been infected
with the virus.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>
[Previously, it was reported that a patient, an attending physician,
and an intensive care nurse had succumbed to CCHF virus infection.
The husband of the victim was being treated at the same hospital. It
now transpires that this patient and another nurse have died from the
same infection.
The mortality rate from CCHF is approximately 30 percent, with death
occurring in the 2nd week of illness. In those patients who recover,
improvement generally begins on the 9th or 10th day after the onset
of illness. When patients with CCHF are admitted to hospital, there
is a risk of nosocomial spread of infection. In the past, serious
outbreaks have occurred in this way, and it is imperative that
adequate infection control measures be observed to prevent this
disastrous outcome, such as the present incident. Patients with
suspected or confirmed CCHF should be isolated and cared for using
barrier nursing techniques. [For further information, see:
<http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factshee ... index.html>. - Mod.CP]
******
[2] Presence in ticks
Date: Sun 23 Jan 2011
Source: The Times of India [edited]
<http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/indi ... 344825.cms>
The virus causing the deadly Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF)
has been found "in high quantities" in ticks collected from parts of
Ahmedabad [Gujarat state]. Ticks infected don't die of it, unlike
humans, but actually facilitate transmission [of the virus]. This has
made scientists from the National Institute of Virology [HIV] (Pune)
believe that the virus is now openly circulating in the environment
and has not been brought into India from other CCHF endemic countries.
Director of NIV Dr A C Mishra told TOI [Times of India] that 2 pools
of ticks (20 ticks) collected from the area, which has reported
positive cases of CCHF for the 1st time in India among humans, "had
very high viral content."
"We are trying to answer the question as to whether the virus has
been moving around in our environment or has it been introduced
newly. After testing, we have found that a particular variety
[species] of tick, [belonging to the genus] _Hyalomma_, which is
known to act as a vector of several diseases, was carrying the
CCHF-causing virus in high quantities. This leads us to believe that
the virus is now present in our environment and might not have been imported."
Entomologists had collected 274 ticks from the affected village and
Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation area and sent them to NIV, Pune, and
the High Security Animal Disease Laboratory in Bhopal. Around 15
rodent samples have also been sent to the Bhopal lab.
_Hyalomma_ is a genus of hard-bodied ticks common in Asia, Europe and
North Africa. Their bites cause the surrounding tissue to die and
become necrotic. It is well adapted to living in arid biotopes. They
have long been credited with spreading the virus that causes the life
threatening CCHF, says entomologists.
Dr Mishra added: "We have picked up samples from domesticated cattle
to see if they are infected with the virus. Animals can be infected,
but they don't die of it. They just harbour the virus much like the
ticks which act as a reservoir. If the virus is present in the
cattle, it could have spread from them. Cutting meat infected with
the virus could lead to its spread to humans." These ticks can
circulate the virus in the environment for many years.
Dr Mishra said, "The tick lays its eggs and transfers the virus into
it. The egg hatches and grows into a tick and continues to infect
animals. We are trying to see if there is a particular hotspot of
this virus, or is it spread across a large area? We are also trying
to analyse how long this virus has been in our country. We are also
going to analyse the strains with a global database to pin its type."
The Delhi-based National Centre for Disease Control is strengthening
its capacity to test for CCHF virus. The [polymerase chain reaction]
primers have been developed, and testing samples will be started in 2 days.
Meanwhile, the Gujarat government has a stock of about 1000 tablets
of the drug Ribavirin. Research done earlier by NIV found the virus
in animals in several parts of India including Rajasthan. The
antibodies against the virus were clearly identified. The ministry's
report states that: "There is serological evidence of this infection
being present in India in animals who do not get [suffer from] the
disease." The NIV report says: "The Gujarat government has been told
about [the presence of the haemorrhagic fever virus] and to keep a
look out for it." The report further says: "Within 15 hours of
receipt of the clinical sample, the hospital authorities were
informed that a highly infectious virus is the etiological agent. The
hospital was told to put in place strict infection control practices.
It was told that disposal of waste material from the patient should
be handled with great caution and that use of facemasks and the
isolation of patients were essential. Use of Ribavirin,!
an antiviral drug, was also recommended."
[Byline: Kounteya Sinha]
--
Communicated by:
Thomas James Allen <tjallen@pipeline.com>
[This is the 1st official confirmation that Crimean-Congo
haemarrhagic fever virus is present (and probably endemic) in northern India.
A map showing the location of Ahmedabad in the state of Gujarat can
be viewed at <http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/gujarat/gujarat.htm>.
The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India can be accessed at
<http://healthmap.org/r/0mRM>. - Mod.CP]
***********************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
In this report:
[1] Human fatalities
[2] Presence in ticks
******
[1] Human fatalities
Date: Sat 22 Jan 2011
Source: DNA (Daily News and Analysis) [edited]
<http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_tw ... at_1497564>
Two more cases of the Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF), which
has already claimed 3 lives in Ahmedabad in the past fortnight, were
detected on Friday [21 Jan 2011], taking the number of confirmed
cases to 5. While one of them is the husband of CCHF's 1st victim,
the 2nd is a male nurse at Shalby Hospital, where patients of the
near-fatal infection were treated earlier.
The National Institute of Virology in Pune has confirmed that the
23-year-old male nurse, working in Shalby Hospital, has been infected
with the virus.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>
[Previously, it was reported that a patient, an attending physician,
and an intensive care nurse had succumbed to CCHF virus infection.
The husband of the victim was being treated at the same hospital. It
now transpires that this patient and another nurse have died from the
same infection.
The mortality rate from CCHF is approximately 30 percent, with death
occurring in the 2nd week of illness. In those patients who recover,
improvement generally begins on the 9th or 10th day after the onset
of illness. When patients with CCHF are admitted to hospital, there
is a risk of nosocomial spread of infection. In the past, serious
outbreaks have occurred in this way, and it is imperative that
adequate infection control measures be observed to prevent this
disastrous outcome, such as the present incident. Patients with
suspected or confirmed CCHF should be isolated and cared for using
barrier nursing techniques. [For further information, see:
<http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factshee ... index.html>. - Mod.CP]
******
[2] Presence in ticks
Date: Sun 23 Jan 2011
Source: The Times of India [edited]
<http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/indi ... 344825.cms>
The virus causing the deadly Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF)
has been found "in high quantities" in ticks collected from parts of
Ahmedabad [Gujarat state]. Ticks infected don't die of it, unlike
humans, but actually facilitate transmission [of the virus]. This has
made scientists from the National Institute of Virology [HIV] (Pune)
believe that the virus is now openly circulating in the environment
and has not been brought into India from other CCHF endemic countries.
Director of NIV Dr A C Mishra told TOI [Times of India] that 2 pools
of ticks (20 ticks) collected from the area, which has reported
positive cases of CCHF for the 1st time in India among humans, "had
very high viral content."
"We are trying to answer the question as to whether the virus has
been moving around in our environment or has it been introduced
newly. After testing, we have found that a particular variety
[species] of tick, [belonging to the genus] _Hyalomma_, which is
known to act as a vector of several diseases, was carrying the
CCHF-causing virus in high quantities. This leads us to believe that
the virus is now present in our environment and might not have been imported."
Entomologists had collected 274 ticks from the affected village and
Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation area and sent them to NIV, Pune, and
the High Security Animal Disease Laboratory in Bhopal. Around 15
rodent samples have also been sent to the Bhopal lab.
_Hyalomma_ is a genus of hard-bodied ticks common in Asia, Europe and
North Africa. Their bites cause the surrounding tissue to die and
become necrotic. It is well adapted to living in arid biotopes. They
have long been credited with spreading the virus that causes the life
threatening CCHF, says entomologists.
Dr Mishra added: "We have picked up samples from domesticated cattle
to see if they are infected with the virus. Animals can be infected,
but they don't die of it. They just harbour the virus much like the
ticks which act as a reservoir. If the virus is present in the
cattle, it could have spread from them. Cutting meat infected with
the virus could lead to its spread to humans." These ticks can
circulate the virus in the environment for many years.
Dr Mishra said, "The tick lays its eggs and transfers the virus into
it. The egg hatches and grows into a tick and continues to infect
animals. We are trying to see if there is a particular hotspot of
this virus, or is it spread across a large area? We are also trying
to analyse how long this virus has been in our country. We are also
going to analyse the strains with a global database to pin its type."
The Delhi-based National Centre for Disease Control is strengthening
its capacity to test for CCHF virus. The [polymerase chain reaction]
primers have been developed, and testing samples will be started in 2 days.
Meanwhile, the Gujarat government has a stock of about 1000 tablets
of the drug Ribavirin. Research done earlier by NIV found the virus
in animals in several parts of India including Rajasthan. The
antibodies against the virus were clearly identified. The ministry's
report states that: "There is serological evidence of this infection
being present in India in animals who do not get [suffer from] the
disease." The NIV report says: "The Gujarat government has been told
about [the presence of the haemorrhagic fever virus] and to keep a
look out for it." The report further says: "Within 15 hours of
receipt of the clinical sample, the hospital authorities were
informed that a highly infectious virus is the etiological agent. The
hospital was told to put in place strict infection control practices.
It was told that disposal of waste material from the patient should
be handled with great caution and that use of facemasks and the
isolation of patients were essential. Use of Ribavirin,!
an antiviral drug, was also recommended."
[Byline: Kounteya Sinha]
--
Communicated by:
Thomas James Allen <tjallen@pipeline.com>
[This is the 1st official confirmation that Crimean-Congo
haemarrhagic fever virus is present (and probably endemic) in northern India.
A map showing the location of Ahmedabad in the state of Gujarat can
be viewed at <http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/gujarat/gujarat.htm>.
The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India can be accessed at
<http://healthmap.org/r/0mRM>. - Mod.CP]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35199
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Re: Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER - INDIA (02), TREATMENT
*******************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Wed 26 Jan 2011
From: Suzette Kakar [edited]
<suzette.kakar@gmail.com>
Re: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in India
--------------------------------------------
Having had experience with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in
both Afghanistan and Pakistan, the Disease Early Warning System of the
WHO (World Health Organisation) Pakistan can provide guidelines in the
form of a PDF file which would assist case definition, hospital
management and infection control.
Additional details about about the use of the antiviral drug Ribavirin
in treatment of CCHF patients is available in a second PDF file.
--
Communicated by:
Dr Rana Kakar
Medical Officer
Disease Early Warning System
World Health Organisation Pakistan
[ProMED-mail regrets delay in posting Dr. Kakar's message due to an
unforeseen technical difficulty.
Those who are interested should contact Dr. Kakar directly as
ProMED-mail is unable to send attachments for security reasons. We
believe that these documents will be helpful for those involved in the
diagnosis of CCHF and for treatment of patients in regions where CCHF
virus infection is suspected. - Mod.CP]
*******************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Wed 26 Jan 2011
From: Suzette Kakar [edited]
<suzette.kakar@gmail.com>
Re: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in India
--------------------------------------------
Having had experience with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in
both Afghanistan and Pakistan, the Disease Early Warning System of the
WHO (World Health Organisation) Pakistan can provide guidelines in the
form of a PDF file which would assist case definition, hospital
management and infection control.
Additional details about about the use of the antiviral drug Ribavirin
in treatment of CCHF patients is available in a second PDF file.
--
Communicated by:
Dr Rana Kakar
Medical Officer
Disease Early Warning System
World Health Organisation Pakistan
[ProMED-mail regrets delay in posting Dr. Kakar's message due to an
unforeseen technical difficulty.
Those who are interested should contact Dr. Kakar directly as
ProMED-mail is unable to send attachments for security reasons. We
believe that these documents will be helpful for those involved in the
diagnosis of CCHF and for treatment of patients in regions where CCHF
virus infection is suspected. - Mod.CP]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35199
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Re: Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER - INDIA (03): (MADHYA PRADESH), SUSPECTED
***********************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Thu 17 Feb 2011
From: Dinesh Jain <djdrdineshjain@gmail.com> [edited]
I have seen a patient whom I suspect is suffering from Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus infection.
The patient was admitted to the People's Hospital in Bhopal on Thu 10
Feb 2011 with history of fever, gastrointestinal bleeding, psychosis,
cardiovascular changes and symptoms closely similar to those of CCHF.
As the CCHF virus is [extremely contagious], I [am deeply concerned].
I am concerned additionally because the patient's residence is close
to the High Security Animal Disease Laboratory in Bhopal.
I would welcome advice on diagnostic procedures and obtaining
confirmatory tests.
--
Dr. Dinesh Jain
<djdrdineshjain@gmail.com>
[An outbreak of CCHF was described recently in northern India in the
adjacent state of Gujarat, and it can be assumed that this disease is
likely to be prevalent over a wide area (see ProMED-mail references
below). However, CCHF has to be distinguished from dengue fever in
regions where the 2 diseases co-exist. Diagnosis of suspected CCHF
should be performed in a high biosafety level laboratory. IgG and IgM
antibodies may be detected in serum by enzyme-linked immunoassay from
the 6th day of illness, with IgM antibodies remaining detectable for
up to 4 months. In contrast, IgG antibodies decline but may remain
detectable for up to 5 years. CCHF is observed most frequently in
persons involved in animal husbandry or the processing of animal products.
Bhopal is the capital of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and is
the administrative headquarters of Bhopal District and Bhopal Division.
A map of the states of India showing the location of Bhopal in the
central state of Madhya Pradesh can be accessed at:
<http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/india/i ... dunion.htm>.
The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India is available at:
<http://healthmap.org/r/008o>. - Mod.CP
This physician has already been referred to an appropriate expert - Mod.DK]
***********************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Thu 17 Feb 2011
From: Dinesh Jain <djdrdineshjain@gmail.com> [edited]
I have seen a patient whom I suspect is suffering from Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus infection.
The patient was admitted to the People's Hospital in Bhopal on Thu 10
Feb 2011 with history of fever, gastrointestinal bleeding, psychosis,
cardiovascular changes and symptoms closely similar to those of CCHF.
As the CCHF virus is [extremely contagious], I [am deeply concerned].
I am concerned additionally because the patient's residence is close
to the High Security Animal Disease Laboratory in Bhopal.
I would welcome advice on diagnostic procedures and obtaining
confirmatory tests.
--
Dr. Dinesh Jain
<djdrdineshjain@gmail.com>
[An outbreak of CCHF was described recently in northern India in the
adjacent state of Gujarat, and it can be assumed that this disease is
likely to be prevalent over a wide area (see ProMED-mail references
below). However, CCHF has to be distinguished from dengue fever in
regions where the 2 diseases co-exist. Diagnosis of suspected CCHF
should be performed in a high biosafety level laboratory. IgG and IgM
antibodies may be detected in serum by enzyme-linked immunoassay from
the 6th day of illness, with IgM antibodies remaining detectable for
up to 4 months. In contrast, IgG antibodies decline but may remain
detectable for up to 5 years. CCHF is observed most frequently in
persons involved in animal husbandry or the processing of animal products.
Bhopal is the capital of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and is
the administrative headquarters of Bhopal District and Bhopal Division.
A map of the states of India showing the location of Bhopal in the
central state of Madhya Pradesh can be accessed at:
<http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/india/i ... dunion.htm>.
The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India is available at:
<http://healthmap.org/r/008o>. - Mod.CP
This physician has already been referred to an appropriate expert - Mod.DK]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35199
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Re: Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER - INDIA (04): (NAGALAND), ALERT
***************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Sat 14 May 2011
Source: New Kerala.com [edited]
<http://www.newkerala.com/news/world/ful ... 09037.html>
With reports of an outbreak of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
(CCHF) in Gujarat among humans [See ProMED-mail archived report
below], the Nagaland Department of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry has
sounded a red alert to all veterinary units of the state.
According to official sources here today [14 May 2011], the
department, in a notification, has informed all the District
Veterinary Officers, Veterinary Assistant Supervisors and the RD
blocks and Veterinary dispensaries to take preventive measures.
According to a WHO report, CCHF is a viral haemorrhagic fever caused
by a virus classified in the genus _Nairovirus_. Following infection
via a tick bite, the incubation period is usually one to 3 days, with
a maximum of 9 days. The disease is endemic in many countries in
Africa, Europe and Asia, and during 2001, cases or outbreaks have been
recorded in Kosovo, Albania, Iran, Pakistan and South Africa.
--
Communicated by:
HealthMap alerts via ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
[Nagaland is a state in the far northeastern part of India. It
borders the state of Assam to the west, Arunachal Pradesh and part of
Assam to the north, Myanmar to the east and Manipur to the south. The
state capital is Kohima. It can be located using the
HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India at:
<http://healthmap.org/r/008o>.
Further information on this situation is awaited. - Mod.CP]
***************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Sat 14 May 2011
Source: New Kerala.com [edited]
<http://www.newkerala.com/news/world/ful ... 09037.html>
With reports of an outbreak of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
(CCHF) in Gujarat among humans [See ProMED-mail archived report
below], the Nagaland Department of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry has
sounded a red alert to all veterinary units of the state.
According to official sources here today [14 May 2011], the
department, in a notification, has informed all the District
Veterinary Officers, Veterinary Assistant Supervisors and the RD
blocks and Veterinary dispensaries to take preventive measures.
According to a WHO report, CCHF is a viral haemorrhagic fever caused
by a virus classified in the genus _Nairovirus_. Following infection
via a tick bite, the incubation period is usually one to 3 days, with
a maximum of 9 days. The disease is endemic in many countries in
Africa, Europe and Asia, and during 2001, cases or outbreaks have been
recorded in Kosovo, Albania, Iran, Pakistan and South Africa.
--
Communicated by:
HealthMap alerts via ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
[Nagaland is a state in the far northeastern part of India. It
borders the state of Assam to the west, Arunachal Pradesh and part of
Assam to the north, Myanmar to the east and Manipur to the south. The
state capital is Kohima. It can be located using the
HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India at:
<http://healthmap.org/r/008o>.
Further information on this situation is awaited. - Mod.CP]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35199
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Re: Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER - KAZAKHSTAN: (SOUTH)
*****************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Mon 16 May 2011
Source: Newspaper kazakh-zerno.kz [In Russian, trans. ATS, edited]
<http://www.kazakh-zerno.kz/index.php?op ... &Itemid=80>
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever -- South Kazakhstan
---------------------------------------------------
A 2nd case of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) has been
registered in the Kyzylorda oblast of Kazakhstan. The patient was
hospitalized on Sat 14 May 2011, but died several days later. The 1st
CCHF case was reported at the beginning of May [2011]. Both cases
contracted the infection during sheep shearing. It appears they
ignored the presence of ticks on the sheep. 7 doctors and nurses who
had contact with this 2nd patient have been hospitalized and isolated.
The household members of the victim and his neighbors are similarly
under medical surveillance.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-RUS
<promed@promedmail.org>
[A map and description of the South Kazakhstan region of Kazakhstan
can be accessed at
<http://aboutkazakhstan.com/South_Kazakh ... last.shtml>.
The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of Kazakhstan is available
at
<http://healthmap.org/r/01de>. - Mod.CP]
*****************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Mon 16 May 2011
Source: Newspaper kazakh-zerno.kz [In Russian, trans. ATS, edited]
<http://www.kazakh-zerno.kz/index.php?op ... &Itemid=80>
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever -- South Kazakhstan
---------------------------------------------------
A 2nd case of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) has been
registered in the Kyzylorda oblast of Kazakhstan. The patient was
hospitalized on Sat 14 May 2011, but died several days later. The 1st
CCHF case was reported at the beginning of May [2011]. Both cases
contracted the infection during sheep shearing. It appears they
ignored the presence of ticks on the sheep. 7 doctors and nurses who
had contact with this 2nd patient have been hospitalized and isolated.
The household members of the victim and his neighbors are similarly
under medical surveillance.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-RUS
<promed@promedmail.org>
[A map and description of the South Kazakhstan region of Kazakhstan
can be accessed at
<http://aboutkazakhstan.com/South_Kazakh ... last.shtml>.
The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of Kazakhstan is available
at
<http://healthmap.org/r/01de>. - Mod.CP]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35199
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Re: Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER (02): (KYZYLORDA)
*************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Wed 16 May 2011
Source: Knews.kz [edited]
<http://www.knews.kz/en/news/crime/one_m ... egion.html>
The press service of the Ministry of Emergencies reported that a man
born in 1988 has been hospitalized due to Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic
fever (CCHF) in the Kyzylorda region. The victim, a resident of
Kambash village in Aral region, was admitted to the infectious
diseases department of the district hospital on Fri 14 May 2011.
Medics confirmed the severe form of the disease. It should be stated
that recently a patient with the same diagnosis died in South
Kazakhstan region on 11 May 2011 [see also: Crimean-Congo hem. fever -
Kazakhstan: (SK)].
According to the Committee of State Sanitary and Epidemiological
Surveillance of the Ministry of Healthcare, the patient had been
bitten by a tick during [sheep] shearing. In fact, large scale
activities for prevention of the spread of dangerous [tick-borne]
diseases have been underway since the beginning of the year by a
special commission of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of
Kazakhstan working in that region.
CCHF is an acute infectious disease of humans transmitted by the bite
of ticks, characterized by fever, severe intoxication and bleeding of
the skin and internal organs. The causative agent was detected in 1945
[in the Crimea], and a similar disease was found in the Congo in
1956.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>
[Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral haemorrhagic
fever caused by a virus classified in the genus _Nairovirus_ of the
family _Bunuaviridae_. CCHF is a severe disease in humans, with a high
mortality rate. Fortunately, human illness occurs infrequently,
although animal infection may be more common.
The geographical distribution of the virus, like that of its tick
vector, is widespread. Although primarily a zoonosis, sporadic cases
and outbreaks of CCHF affecting humans do occur. The disease is
endemic in many countries in Africa, Europe and Asia.
Humans who become infected with CCHF acquire the virus from direct
contact with blood or other infected tissues from livestock during
this time, or they may become infected from a tick bite. The majority
of cases have occurred in those involved with the livestock industry,
such as agricultural workers, slaughterhouse workers and
veterinarians. CCHF virus infection is an occupational hazard for
agricultural workers in this region of central Asia. Further
information on Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever can be obtained from
the WHO Fact sheet at:
<http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factshee ... index.html>.
It is unclear from the information provided whether this is a new
case or in fact refers to one of the 2 CCHF-infected sheep-shearers
described previously in "Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Kazakhstan: (SK),"
reported from a Russian source.
A map showing the location of Kyzylorda region (oblast) in the south
of Kazakhstan can be accessed at:
<http://www.wild-natures.com/photo055.html>. The HealthMap/ProMED-mail
interactive map of Kazakhstan is available at:
<http://healthmap.org/r/01de>. - Mod.CP]
*************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Wed 16 May 2011
Source: Knews.kz [edited]
<http://www.knews.kz/en/news/crime/one_m ... egion.html>
The press service of the Ministry of Emergencies reported that a man
born in 1988 has been hospitalized due to Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic
fever (CCHF) in the Kyzylorda region. The victim, a resident of
Kambash village in Aral region, was admitted to the infectious
diseases department of the district hospital on Fri 14 May 2011.
Medics confirmed the severe form of the disease. It should be stated
that recently a patient with the same diagnosis died in South
Kazakhstan region on 11 May 2011 [see also: Crimean-Congo hem. fever -
Kazakhstan: (SK)].
According to the Committee of State Sanitary and Epidemiological
Surveillance of the Ministry of Healthcare, the patient had been
bitten by a tick during [sheep] shearing. In fact, large scale
activities for prevention of the spread of dangerous [tick-borne]
diseases have been underway since the beginning of the year by a
special commission of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of
Kazakhstan working in that region.
CCHF is an acute infectious disease of humans transmitted by the bite
of ticks, characterized by fever, severe intoxication and bleeding of
the skin and internal organs. The causative agent was detected in 1945
[in the Crimea], and a similar disease was found in the Congo in
1956.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>
[Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral haemorrhagic
fever caused by a virus classified in the genus _Nairovirus_ of the
family _Bunuaviridae_. CCHF is a severe disease in humans, with a high
mortality rate. Fortunately, human illness occurs infrequently,
although animal infection may be more common.
The geographical distribution of the virus, like that of its tick
vector, is widespread. Although primarily a zoonosis, sporadic cases
and outbreaks of CCHF affecting humans do occur. The disease is
endemic in many countries in Africa, Europe and Asia.
Humans who become infected with CCHF acquire the virus from direct
contact with blood or other infected tissues from livestock during
this time, or they may become infected from a tick bite. The majority
of cases have occurred in those involved with the livestock industry,
such as agricultural workers, slaughterhouse workers and
veterinarians. CCHF virus infection is an occupational hazard for
agricultural workers in this region of central Asia. Further
information on Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever can be obtained from
the WHO Fact sheet at:
<http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factshee ... index.html>.
It is unclear from the information provided whether this is a new
case or in fact refers to one of the 2 CCHF-infected sheep-shearers
described previously in "Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Kazakhstan: (SK),"
reported from a Russian source.
A map showing the location of Kyzylorda region (oblast) in the south
of Kazakhstan can be accessed at:
<http://www.wild-natures.com/photo055.html>. The HealthMap/ProMED-mail
interactive map of Kazakhstan is available at:
<http://healthmap.org/r/01de>. - Mod.CP]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35199
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Re: Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber
Kasachstan - Krim-Kongo hämorrhagisches Fieber (CCHF)
24.05.2011
Aus dem Süden des Landes wurden im Mai zwei Erkrankungen mit einem Todesfall gemeldet. Die Infektion wurde vermutlich während der Schafschur durch Zecken auf die Opfer übertragen. 7 Ärzte und Krankenschwestern, die Kontakt mit den Patienten hatten, befinden sich unter Quarantäne; die Angehörigen werden überwacht. / Quelle: crm
24.05.2011
Aus dem Süden des Landes wurden im Mai zwei Erkrankungen mit einem Todesfall gemeldet. Die Infektion wurde vermutlich während der Schafschur durch Zecken auf die Opfer übertragen. 7 Ärzte und Krankenschwestern, die Kontakt mit den Patienten hatten, befinden sich unter Quarantäne; die Angehörigen werden überwacht. / Quelle: crm
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35199
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Re: Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER - INDIA (05): (GUJARAT)
*******************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Sun 29 May 2011
Source: DNA (Daily News & Analysis) [edited]
<http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_co ... at_1548828>
The [Gujarat] State Health Department has put 42 people, who had come
in contact with a deceased Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF)
patient, under fever surveillance. The state animal husbandry
department has also begun animal surveillance as part of its
preventive measures to stop the virus from spreading among humans. The
victim was a resident of Uandani village in Vadnagar taluka of Mehsana
district.
Dr Sudhir Gandhi, additional director training and epidemic
[surveillance] in the State Health Department, said there was a
suspicion that the victim [a woman] was infected by CCHF [virus]. "By
the time her samples were sent to National Institute of Virology (NIV)
for CCHF testing, preventive measures had already begun in Uandani and
other neighboring villages," said Gandhi.
He said that all areas falling within 5 kilometre [3.1 mi] radius of
the patient's village are being covered." So far no suspect cases have
been found. 42 people who had come in contact with the deceased
patient are under fever surveillance," he said. He further said that
24 human serum samples have been taken to be checked for symptoms and
they have been sent to NIV for further testing.
"Apart from this our team has collected 56 tick samples from the
cattle in the village. The Animal Husbandry Department has also taken
samples from 16 other cattle. These samples have been sent to NIV and
to the High Security Animal Disease Lab (HSADL)," he said
Fever surveillance will continue throughout next week and if
suspected cases are found it could extend up to a month. The
35-year-old victim was admitted to Sterling Hospital on 20 May 2011
with high fever and the patient died on 21 May 2011. On 24 May 2011
the case was confirmed positive for CCHF [virus infection].
Dr Chandramauli Raval from the hospital said, "Sterling hospital is
equipped to deal with highly infectious cases like that of CCHF. We
treated the case in an isolated ward with staff using personal
protective gear and special instruments. We have sterilised the wards
after the case was confirmed as CCHF. So far no other cases of the
disease have been reported," said Raval.
--
Communicated by:
Ronan Kelly
<ronankelly@comcast.net>
(FluTrackers.com)
[The source of the infection is not stated, but may have been a
consequence of contact with cattle carrying CCHF virus infected
_Hyalomma_ ticks. Infected cattle do not generally show symptoms of
CCHF virus infection. Humans who become infected with CCHF acquire the
virus from direct contact with blood or other infected tissues from
livestock, or they may become infected directly from a tick bite. The
majority of cases have occurred in those involved with the livestock
industry, such as agricultural workers, slaughterhouse workers, and
veterinarians.
Prudently a large number of the patient's contacts are under
surveillance and the hospital authorities are aware of the high risk
of nosocomial infection during treatment of CCHF patients.
The mortality rate from CCHF is approximately 30 percent, with death
occurring in the 2nd week of illness. In those patients who recover,
improvement generally begins on the 9th or 10th day after the onset of
illness. When patients with CCHF are admitted to hospital, there is a
risk of nosocomial spread of infection. In the past, serious outbreaks
have occurred in this way, and it is imperative that adequate
infection control measures be observed to prevent this disastrous
outcome. Patients with suspected or confirmed CCHF should be isolated
and cared for using barrier nursing techniques. For further
information, see
<http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factshee ... index.html>.
The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India is available at
<http://healthmap.org/r/0UB8>.
A map showing the districts of Gujarat state can be accessed at
<http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/gujarat/gujarat.htm>. - Mod.CP]
*******************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Sun 29 May 2011
Source: DNA (Daily News & Analysis) [edited]
<http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_co ... at_1548828>
The [Gujarat] State Health Department has put 42 people, who had come
in contact with a deceased Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF)
patient, under fever surveillance. The state animal husbandry
department has also begun animal surveillance as part of its
preventive measures to stop the virus from spreading among humans. The
victim was a resident of Uandani village in Vadnagar taluka of Mehsana
district.
Dr Sudhir Gandhi, additional director training and epidemic
[surveillance] in the State Health Department, said there was a
suspicion that the victim [a woman] was infected by CCHF [virus]. "By
the time her samples were sent to National Institute of Virology (NIV)
for CCHF testing, preventive measures had already begun in Uandani and
other neighboring villages," said Gandhi.
He said that all areas falling within 5 kilometre [3.1 mi] radius of
the patient's village are being covered." So far no suspect cases have
been found. 42 people who had come in contact with the deceased
patient are under fever surveillance," he said. He further said that
24 human serum samples have been taken to be checked for symptoms and
they have been sent to NIV for further testing.
"Apart from this our team has collected 56 tick samples from the
cattle in the village. The Animal Husbandry Department has also taken
samples from 16 other cattle. These samples have been sent to NIV and
to the High Security Animal Disease Lab (HSADL)," he said
Fever surveillance will continue throughout next week and if
suspected cases are found it could extend up to a month. The
35-year-old victim was admitted to Sterling Hospital on 20 May 2011
with high fever and the patient died on 21 May 2011. On 24 May 2011
the case was confirmed positive for CCHF [virus infection].
Dr Chandramauli Raval from the hospital said, "Sterling hospital is
equipped to deal with highly infectious cases like that of CCHF. We
treated the case in an isolated ward with staff using personal
protective gear and special instruments. We have sterilised the wards
after the case was confirmed as CCHF. So far no other cases of the
disease have been reported," said Raval.
--
Communicated by:
Ronan Kelly
<ronankelly@comcast.net>
(FluTrackers.com)
[The source of the infection is not stated, but may have been a
consequence of contact with cattle carrying CCHF virus infected
_Hyalomma_ ticks. Infected cattle do not generally show symptoms of
CCHF virus infection. Humans who become infected with CCHF acquire the
virus from direct contact with blood or other infected tissues from
livestock, or they may become infected directly from a tick bite. The
majority of cases have occurred in those involved with the livestock
industry, such as agricultural workers, slaughterhouse workers, and
veterinarians.
Prudently a large number of the patient's contacts are under
surveillance and the hospital authorities are aware of the high risk
of nosocomial infection during treatment of CCHF patients.
The mortality rate from CCHF is approximately 30 percent, with death
occurring in the 2nd week of illness. In those patients who recover,
improvement generally begins on the 9th or 10th day after the onset of
illness. When patients with CCHF are admitted to hospital, there is a
risk of nosocomial spread of infection. In the past, serious outbreaks
have occurred in this way, and it is imperative that adequate
infection control measures be observed to prevent this disastrous
outcome. Patients with suspected or confirmed CCHF should be isolated
and cared for using barrier nursing techniques. For further
information, see
<http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factshee ... index.html>.
The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of India is available at
<http://healthmap.org/r/0UB8>.
A map showing the districts of Gujarat state can be accessed at
<http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/gujarat/gujarat.htm>. - Mod.CP]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35199
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Re: Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER - KAZAKHSTAN (03): (SOUTH KAZAKHSTAN)
*********************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Fri 1 Jul 2011
Source: Kazakhstan Today [in Russian, trans. Corr.ATS, edited]
<http://www.kt.kz/index.php?lang=rus&uin ... 1153540860>
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in South Kazakhstan Oblast
----------------------------------------------------------
A new case of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) has been
registered in the South Kazakhstan Oblast [region]. A 27 year old man
was admitted to the local infectious disease hospital on 25 Jun 2011
with suspected CCHF. Laboratory tests have confirmed the diagnosis.
The patient's condition is currently moderate and he is improving.
This case is the 2nd in South Kazakhstan this year [2011]. The 1st
case was in May 2011, which resulted in a fatal outcome. The victim
had been bitten by a tick during sheep shearing. None of the victim's
co-workers or contacts have become infected.
--
communicated by:
ProMED-RUS
<promed-rus@promedmail.org>
[The occupation of this new case of CCHF is not stated, but
agricultural workers are at high risk of CCHF virus infection if
bitten by ticks during the course of their work.
A description of the South Kazakhstan Region is available at
<http://aboutkazakhstan.com/south_kazakhstan-oblast>. In the South
Kazakhstan Region sheep are raised on the desert pastures in winter
and the alpine meadows in summer. The HealthMap/ProMED-mail
interactive map of Kazakhstan can be accessed at
<http://healthmap.org/r/118v>. - Mod.CP]
*********************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Fri 1 Jul 2011
Source: Kazakhstan Today [in Russian, trans. Corr.ATS, edited]
<http://www.kt.kz/index.php?lang=rus&uin ... 1153540860>
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in South Kazakhstan Oblast
----------------------------------------------------------
A new case of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) has been
registered in the South Kazakhstan Oblast [region]. A 27 year old man
was admitted to the local infectious disease hospital on 25 Jun 2011
with suspected CCHF. Laboratory tests have confirmed the diagnosis.
The patient's condition is currently moderate and he is improving.
This case is the 2nd in South Kazakhstan this year [2011]. The 1st
case was in May 2011, which resulted in a fatal outcome. The victim
had been bitten by a tick during sheep shearing. None of the victim's
co-workers or contacts have become infected.
--
communicated by:
ProMED-RUS
<promed-rus@promedmail.org>
[The occupation of this new case of CCHF is not stated, but
agricultural workers are at high risk of CCHF virus infection if
bitten by ticks during the course of their work.
A description of the South Kazakhstan Region is available at
<http://aboutkazakhstan.com/south_kazakhstan-oblast>. In the South
Kazakhstan Region sheep are raised on the desert pastures in winter
and the alpine meadows in summer. The HealthMap/ProMED-mail
interactive map of Kazakhstan can be accessed at
<http://healthmap.org/r/118v>. - Mod.CP]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35199
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber in Russland
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER - RUSSIA (02): (STAVROPOL)
**********************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Tue 26 Jul 20111
Source: Stavropolskaya Pravda [in Russian, translated Corr.ATS,
edited]
<http://www.stapravda.ru/20110726/19_slu ... 54797.html>
The regional service of Rospotrebnadzor [Federal Service for Consumer
Protection and Human Welfare] has reported 19 cases of Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in the region [Stavropol territory]. 8 of
them contracted the infection in the course of their employment in
animal husbandry, and the other 11 contracted infection during
recreation in the countryside.
Tick-bites were responsible for medical consultation in 8575 cases,
2548 of whom were children. Employees of the public health advisory
service have been issued with protective clothing when spraying tick
repellant. The general population is being advised to seek medical
treatment immediately if symptoms of fever, muscle aches, and headache
are experienced.
[Byline: L Bardanyan]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-RUS
<promed-rus@promedmail.org>
[In a previous post Mod.NP commented that in the 2010 season: The
Federal Health Agency "Stavropol Research Institute Against Plague"
reported its analysis of the epizootic situation in Stavropol during
the past 2 years. The report stated that the climate anomalies
facilitated an increase in the numbers of ticks and caused changes in
their life cycle. Particularly, the developmental cycle of the vector
of CCHF, _Hyalomma marginatum_, was delayed by 30-45 days, and mass
emergence of their larvae started at the end of July 2011. As a
consequence the range of _Hyalomma marginatum_ was extended and new
territories in the west, northwest, and central parts of the Stavropol
territory were invaded. It seems likely that the same situation
pertains in 2011 and control of CCHF will depend on more intensive
disinfestation treatment of farm animals and grazing lands.
A map and description of Stavropol Krai can be accessed at
<http://map.rin.ru/cgi-bin/main_e.pl?Region=stavrop>. The
HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of Russia is available at
<http://healthmap.org/r/16OR>. - Mod.CP]
**********************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Tue 26 Jul 20111
Source: Stavropolskaya Pravda [in Russian, translated Corr.ATS,
edited]
<http://www.stapravda.ru/20110726/19_slu ... 54797.html>
The regional service of Rospotrebnadzor [Federal Service for Consumer
Protection and Human Welfare] has reported 19 cases of Crimean-Congo
hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in the region [Stavropol territory]. 8 of
them contracted the infection in the course of their employment in
animal husbandry, and the other 11 contracted infection during
recreation in the countryside.
Tick-bites were responsible for medical consultation in 8575 cases,
2548 of whom were children. Employees of the public health advisory
service have been issued with protective clothing when spraying tick
repellant. The general population is being advised to seek medical
treatment immediately if symptoms of fever, muscle aches, and headache
are experienced.
[Byline: L Bardanyan]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-RUS
<promed-rus@promedmail.org>
[In a previous post Mod.NP commented that in the 2010 season: The
Federal Health Agency "Stavropol Research Institute Against Plague"
reported its analysis of the epizootic situation in Stavropol during
the past 2 years. The report stated that the climate anomalies
facilitated an increase in the numbers of ticks and caused changes in
their life cycle. Particularly, the developmental cycle of the vector
of CCHF, _Hyalomma marginatum_, was delayed by 30-45 days, and mass
emergence of their larvae started at the end of July 2011. As a
consequence the range of _Hyalomma marginatum_ was extended and new
territories in the west, northwest, and central parts of the Stavropol
territory were invaded. It seems likely that the same situation
pertains in 2011 and control of CCHF will depend on more intensive
disinfestation treatment of farm animals and grazing lands.
A map and description of Stavropol Krai can be accessed at
<http://map.rin.ru/cgi-bin/main_e.pl?Region=stavrop>. The
HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of Russia is available at
<http://healthmap.org/r/16OR>. - Mod.CP]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35199
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber in Pakistan/Afghanistan
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER - PAKISTAN ex AFGHANISTAN, NOSOCOMIAL
*********************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Sat 17 Sep 2011
Source: Pakistan today [abbreviated, edited]
<http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2011/09 ... in-quetta/>
Surgeon among 4 down with CCHF virus in Quetta
----------------------------------------------
A total of 4 people, including a surgeon and a medical technician,
have fallen victim to haemorrhagic fever in Quetta. Reports said a
patient suffering from Congo virus [Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
virus (CCHF) infection] was brought to Quetta from Afghanistan for
surgery. He was being operated on by senior surgeon Dr Mohammad Ayaz
at a private hospital when he [Dr Ayaz] got infected with the virus as
well. A medical technician who was assisting the surgeon also got
infected.
Dr Ayaz was immediately moved to Karachi for treatment, despite the
fact that isolation wards have been established for such patients at
Fatima Jinnah Hospital in Quetta. The technician, however, was being
treated in an isolation ward at the hospital. Reports further said
that another 2 patients [with CCHF virus infection had been] admitted
to Fatima Jinnah Hospital.
Dr Aadam, the [physician] in charge of the isolation ward, said that
another 2 patients, including an Afghan refugee and a youth from
Kuchlak, were also suffering from [CCHF virus infection]. He said
there was a possibility that more attendants and medical staff [would
become infected] with CCHF virus while treating these patients. The
doctor said [CCHF] was a dangerous disease and doctors in the hospital
lacked proper equipment to protect themselves from it.
He said over the past 4 years, members of the staff had not been
vaccinated. [No vaccine is currently approved for human use. -
Mod.CP]
[Byline: Shahzada Zulfiqar]
--
Communicated by:
Shamsudeen Fagbo, DVM
National Coordinator
Zoonotic Diseases Unit
Directorate of Communicable Diseases
Ministry of Health
Riyadh 11176
Saudi Arabia
<oloungbo@yahoo.com>
[At least 2 of the patients admitted to the hospital in Quetta had
come to Pakistan from Afghanistan, and the surgeon, a technician and
possibly others contracted infection during treatment of the index
case. No information is provided regarding the condition of those
affected, other than that the surgeon operating on the index case was
evacuated to a hospital in Karachi. Serious nosocomial infection in a
Pakistan hospital was reported previously in 2010 (see ProMED-mail
reference below).
CCHF is found throughout the Mediterranean region, in northwestern
China, central Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and the Indian
subcontinent. Ixodid ticks, especially those of the genus, _Hyalomma_,
are both a reservoir and a vector for CCHF virus. Numerous wild and
domestic animals, such as cattle, goats, sheep and hares, serve as
amplifying hosts for the virus. Transmission to humans occurs through
contact with infected animal blood or ticks. CCHF can be transmitted
from one infected human to another by contact with infectious blood or
body fluids. CCHF has also occurred in hospitals due to improper
sterilization of medical equipment, reuse of injection needles, and
contamination of medical supplies.
The onset of CCHF is sudden, with initial signs and symptoms including
headache, high fever, back pain, joint pain, stomach pain, and
vomiting. Red eyes, a flushed face, a red throat, and petechiae (red
spots) on the palate are common. Symptoms may also include jaundice,
and in severe cases, changes in mood and sensory perception. As the
illness progresses, large areas of severe bruising, severe nosebleeds,
and uncontrolled bleeding at injection sites can be seen, beginning on
about the 4th day of illness and lasting for about 2 weeks. In
documented outbreaks of CCHF, fatality rates in hospitalized patients
have ranged from 9 percent to 50 percent. Animal herders, livestock
workers, and slaughter houses in endemic areas are at risk of CCHF.
Health care workers in endemic areas are at risk of infection through
unprotected contact with infectious blood and body fluids.
Treatment for CCHF is primarily supportive. The virus is sensitive in
vitro to the antiviral drug ribavirin and it has been used in the
treatment of CCHF patients reportedly with some benefit. An
inactivated, mouse-brain derived vaccine against CCHF has been
developed and is used on a small scale in Eastern Europe. However,
there is no safe and effective vaccine widely available for human use.
For more information, see:
<http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpa ... s/cchf.htm>.
The city of Quetta is located near the Durand Line border with
Afghanistan and is an important trade and communications centre
between the 2 countries. The city lies on the Bolan Pass route which
was once the only land route to and from South Asia. The
HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of Pakistan can be accessed at:
<http://healthmap.org/r/00tj>. - Mod.CP]
*********************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>
Date: Sat 17 Sep 2011
Source: Pakistan today [abbreviated, edited]
<http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2011/09 ... in-quetta/>
Surgeon among 4 down with CCHF virus in Quetta
----------------------------------------------
A total of 4 people, including a surgeon and a medical technician,
have fallen victim to haemorrhagic fever in Quetta. Reports said a
patient suffering from Congo virus [Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
virus (CCHF) infection] was brought to Quetta from Afghanistan for
surgery. He was being operated on by senior surgeon Dr Mohammad Ayaz
at a private hospital when he [Dr Ayaz] got infected with the virus as
well. A medical technician who was assisting the surgeon also got
infected.
Dr Ayaz was immediately moved to Karachi for treatment, despite the
fact that isolation wards have been established for such patients at
Fatima Jinnah Hospital in Quetta. The technician, however, was being
treated in an isolation ward at the hospital. Reports further said
that another 2 patients [with CCHF virus infection had been] admitted
to Fatima Jinnah Hospital.
Dr Aadam, the [physician] in charge of the isolation ward, said that
another 2 patients, including an Afghan refugee and a youth from
Kuchlak, were also suffering from [CCHF virus infection]. He said
there was a possibility that more attendants and medical staff [would
become infected] with CCHF virus while treating these patients. The
doctor said [CCHF] was a dangerous disease and doctors in the hospital
lacked proper equipment to protect themselves from it.
He said over the past 4 years, members of the staff had not been
vaccinated. [No vaccine is currently approved for human use. -
Mod.CP]
[Byline: Shahzada Zulfiqar]
--
Communicated by:
Shamsudeen Fagbo, DVM
National Coordinator
Zoonotic Diseases Unit
Directorate of Communicable Diseases
Ministry of Health
Riyadh 11176
Saudi Arabia
<oloungbo@yahoo.com>
[At least 2 of the patients admitted to the hospital in Quetta had
come to Pakistan from Afghanistan, and the surgeon, a technician and
possibly others contracted infection during treatment of the index
case. No information is provided regarding the condition of those
affected, other than that the surgeon operating on the index case was
evacuated to a hospital in Karachi. Serious nosocomial infection in a
Pakistan hospital was reported previously in 2010 (see ProMED-mail
reference below).
CCHF is found throughout the Mediterranean region, in northwestern
China, central Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and the Indian
subcontinent. Ixodid ticks, especially those of the genus, _Hyalomma_,
are both a reservoir and a vector for CCHF virus. Numerous wild and
domestic animals, such as cattle, goats, sheep and hares, serve as
amplifying hosts for the virus. Transmission to humans occurs through
contact with infected animal blood or ticks. CCHF can be transmitted
from one infected human to another by contact with infectious blood or
body fluids. CCHF has also occurred in hospitals due to improper
sterilization of medical equipment, reuse of injection needles, and
contamination of medical supplies.
The onset of CCHF is sudden, with initial signs and symptoms including
headache, high fever, back pain, joint pain, stomach pain, and
vomiting. Red eyes, a flushed face, a red throat, and petechiae (red
spots) on the palate are common. Symptoms may also include jaundice,
and in severe cases, changes in mood and sensory perception. As the
illness progresses, large areas of severe bruising, severe nosebleeds,
and uncontrolled bleeding at injection sites can be seen, beginning on
about the 4th day of illness and lasting for about 2 weeks. In
documented outbreaks of CCHF, fatality rates in hospitalized patients
have ranged from 9 percent to 50 percent. Animal herders, livestock
workers, and slaughter houses in endemic areas are at risk of CCHF.
Health care workers in endemic areas are at risk of infection through
unprotected contact with infectious blood and body fluids.
Treatment for CCHF is primarily supportive. The virus is sensitive in
vitro to the antiviral drug ribavirin and it has been used in the
treatment of CCHF patients reportedly with some benefit. An
inactivated, mouse-brain derived vaccine against CCHF has been
developed and is used on a small scale in Eastern Europe. However,
there is no safe and effective vaccine widely available for human use.
For more information, see:
<http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpa ... s/cchf.htm>.
The city of Quetta is located near the Durand Line border with
Afghanistan and is an important trade and communications centre
between the 2 countries. The city lies on the Bolan Pass route which
was once the only land route to and from South Asia. The
HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of Pakistan can be accessed at:
<http://healthmap.org/r/00tj>. - Mod.CP]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35199
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber in Pakistan
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER - PAKISTAN (02): (KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA),
HUMAN
****************************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Tue 25 Oct 2011
Source: Dawn [edited]
http://www.dawn.com/2011/10/26/with-den ... fever.html
If you thought dengue was the final blow that nature could inflict on
Pakistanis for this year [2011], you were wrong. In a cruel twist of
fate, the country is now expected to be plagued by a wave of the
high-fatality tick-bite disease, Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever
(CCHF). The National Institute of Health's (NIH) warning on the latest
infectious disease comes a week after its 1st victim [this year?]
succumbed to it at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS).
"An adult patient from Haripur district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has died
due to CCHF. The patient came with massive bleeding and was admitted
at the isolation ward. We immediately sent his samples to NIH, but he
died during the course of his treatment due to massive bleeding," Prof
Mehmood Jamal, executive-director of Pims, stated.
Though the report from NIH came 8 days later, Prof Jamal clarifies
that the death of the patient from CCHF was no secret, and no attempts
were made to hide anything from the public. He does admit that doctors
feel the pressure of expectations of dealing with CCHF patients
alongside dengue cases.
Meanwhile, the NIH in a quick move has issued an advisory, saying:
"Provinces have been advised to take special measures in view of the
upcoming Eidul Azha, as there will be massive movement of sacrificial
animals from one province to another." [Eid-ul-Adha (Festival of
Sacrifice), also known as the Greater Eid, is the 2nd most important
festival in the Muslim calendar, falling this year on 6 Nov 2011, The
festival remembers the prophet Ibrahim's willingness to sacrifice his
son when God ordered him to do this. - Mod.CP]
A senior official of the NIH added that since a cattle market had
already been established in Saidpur village, their department had also
issued a similar warning to local health authorities [Saidpur is a
historic Pakistani village built on the slopes of the Margalla Hills
which overlook Islamabad and is a popular site for celebrations. -
Mod.CP].
The NIH has also asked the provincial health authorities to establish
isolation wards. "Even physicians and medical staff treating [CCHF]
patients have to avoid direct contact with a CCHF-positive patient,
because even the blood secretion from the patient is deadly," said one
official.
As a preventive measure, the NIH official suggested that butchers and
cattle handlers needed to be trained in the de-ticking of animals
before moving cattle from one place to other. "Preventive measures
such as body inspection of cattle are needed by the relevant
veterinary health officials working with the local district
administrations before transporting the cattle from farm to slaughter
house or cattle market," suggested the official.
But with most cattle herders paying little heed to inspectors or rules
and the movement of cattle between provinces uncontrolled, prevention
of an epidemic during Eid will require enhanced vigilance.
[Byline: Imran Ali Teepu]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
[Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral haemorrhagic fever
caused by a Nairovirus. Although primarily a zoonosis, sporadic cases
and outbreaks of CCHF affecting humans do occur. The disease is
endemic in many countries in Africa, Europe and Asia.
The geographical distribution of the virus, like that of its tick
vector (_Hyalomma_ spp.), is widespread. Evidence of CCHF virus has
been found in Africa, Asia, the Middle East and Eastern Europe.
Healthcare workers in endemic areas should be aware of the illness and
the correct infection control procedures to protect themselves and
their patients from the risk of nosocomial (hospital-acquired)
infection.
Humans who become infected with CCHF acquire the virus from direct
contact with blood or other infected tissues from livestock, or they
may become infected from a tick bite. The majority of cases have
occurred in those involved with the livestock industry, such as
agricultural workers, slaughterhouse workers and veterinarians.
Nosocomial transmission of CCHF virus infection has been recorded in
Pakistan and elsewhere in the past and is a known hazard.
The length of the incubation period for the illness appears to depend
on the mode of acquisition of the virus. Following infection via tick
bite, the incubation period is usually one to 3 days, with a maximum
of 9 days. The incubation period following contact with infected blood
or tissues is usually 5-6 days, with a documented maximum of 13 days.
The mortality rate from CCHF is approximately 30 percent, with death
occurring in the 2nd week of illness. In those patients who recover,
improvement generally begins on the 9th or 10th day after the onset of
illness. A detailed account of the disease and its biology can be
found in the WHO web-site at:
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factshee ... index.html.
A map showing the provinces of Pakistan can be accessed at:
http://www.asiawaves.net/pakistan-map.htm - Mod.CP]
HUMAN
****************************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Tue 25 Oct 2011
Source: Dawn [edited]
http://www.dawn.com/2011/10/26/with-den ... fever.html
If you thought dengue was the final blow that nature could inflict on
Pakistanis for this year [2011], you were wrong. In a cruel twist of
fate, the country is now expected to be plagued by a wave of the
high-fatality tick-bite disease, Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever
(CCHF). The National Institute of Health's (NIH) warning on the latest
infectious disease comes a week after its 1st victim [this year?]
succumbed to it at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS).
"An adult patient from Haripur district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has died
due to CCHF. The patient came with massive bleeding and was admitted
at the isolation ward. We immediately sent his samples to NIH, but he
died during the course of his treatment due to massive bleeding," Prof
Mehmood Jamal, executive-director of Pims, stated.
Though the report from NIH came 8 days later, Prof Jamal clarifies
that the death of the patient from CCHF was no secret, and no attempts
were made to hide anything from the public. He does admit that doctors
feel the pressure of expectations of dealing with CCHF patients
alongside dengue cases.
Meanwhile, the NIH in a quick move has issued an advisory, saying:
"Provinces have been advised to take special measures in view of the
upcoming Eidul Azha, as there will be massive movement of sacrificial
animals from one province to another." [Eid-ul-Adha (Festival of
Sacrifice), also known as the Greater Eid, is the 2nd most important
festival in the Muslim calendar, falling this year on 6 Nov 2011, The
festival remembers the prophet Ibrahim's willingness to sacrifice his
son when God ordered him to do this. - Mod.CP]
A senior official of the NIH added that since a cattle market had
already been established in Saidpur village, their department had also
issued a similar warning to local health authorities [Saidpur is a
historic Pakistani village built on the slopes of the Margalla Hills
which overlook Islamabad and is a popular site for celebrations. -
Mod.CP].
The NIH has also asked the provincial health authorities to establish
isolation wards. "Even physicians and medical staff treating [CCHF]
patients have to avoid direct contact with a CCHF-positive patient,
because even the blood secretion from the patient is deadly," said one
official.
As a preventive measure, the NIH official suggested that butchers and
cattle handlers needed to be trained in the de-ticking of animals
before moving cattle from one place to other. "Preventive measures
such as body inspection of cattle are needed by the relevant
veterinary health officials working with the local district
administrations before transporting the cattle from farm to slaughter
house or cattle market," suggested the official.
But with most cattle herders paying little heed to inspectors or rules
and the movement of cattle between provinces uncontrolled, prevention
of an epidemic during Eid will require enhanced vigilance.
[Byline: Imran Ali Teepu]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
[Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral haemorrhagic fever
caused by a Nairovirus. Although primarily a zoonosis, sporadic cases
and outbreaks of CCHF affecting humans do occur. The disease is
endemic in many countries in Africa, Europe and Asia.
The geographical distribution of the virus, like that of its tick
vector (_Hyalomma_ spp.), is widespread. Evidence of CCHF virus has
been found in Africa, Asia, the Middle East and Eastern Europe.
Healthcare workers in endemic areas should be aware of the illness and
the correct infection control procedures to protect themselves and
their patients from the risk of nosocomial (hospital-acquired)
infection.
Humans who become infected with CCHF acquire the virus from direct
contact with blood or other infected tissues from livestock, or they
may become infected from a tick bite. The majority of cases have
occurred in those involved with the livestock industry, such as
agricultural workers, slaughterhouse workers and veterinarians.
Nosocomial transmission of CCHF virus infection has been recorded in
Pakistan and elsewhere in the past and is a known hazard.
The length of the incubation period for the illness appears to depend
on the mode of acquisition of the virus. Following infection via tick
bite, the incubation period is usually one to 3 days, with a maximum
of 9 days. The incubation period following contact with infected blood
or tissues is usually 5-6 days, with a documented maximum of 13 days.
The mortality rate from CCHF is approximately 30 percent, with death
occurring in the 2nd week of illness. In those patients who recover,
improvement generally begins on the 9th or 10th day after the onset of
illness. A detailed account of the disease and its biology can be
found in the WHO web-site at:
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factshee ... index.html.
A map showing the provinces of Pakistan can be accessed at:
http://www.asiawaves.net/pakistan-map.htm - Mod.CP]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35199
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber in Pakistan - Sindh
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER - PAKISTAN (03): SINDH, HUMAN
*************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Sat 19 Nov 2011
Source Dawn, Metropolitan [edited]
http://www.dawn.com/2011/11/19/young-ma ... fever.html
A 29-year-old man admitted to a private hospital with a history of
high-grade fever and fits for 6 days died at the private hospital on
Fri 18 Nov 2011. Sources at the Liaquat National Hospital (LNH) told
Dawn that the patient tested positive for Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic
fever (CCHF) virus infection at a private university hospital.
The patient was a resident of Gazdarabad, Ranchhore Line. Retired Brig
Syed Nasim Ahmed, director of administration at the LNH, told the Dawn
newspaper that the man was said to have lived with a friend for a week
in the cattle market during the Eid days before his illness. However,
information regarding the exact occupation and family details of the
victim could not be obtained from the LNH.
He had been brought to the LNH on 15 Nov 2011 with a high-grade fever
in a state of unconsciousness and bleeding from the mouth. He was
diagnosed as a CCHF case on Thu 17 Nov 2011. It was further learned
that the patient was being treated at the medical intensive care unit
of the LNH.
Three deaths as a result of CCHF virus infection were reported last
year [2010], one each at the Indus Hospital, Aga Khan University
Hospital and Abbasi Shaheed Hospital.
[Byline: Mukhtar Alam]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap alerts
[Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-transmitted viral
haemorrhagic fever. Although primarily a zoonosis, sporadic cases and
outbreaks of CCHF affecting humans do occur. The disease is endemic in
many countries in Africa, Europe and Asia.
A number of tick genera are capable of becoming infected with CCHF
virus, but the most efficient and common vectors for CCHF appear to be
members of the genus _Hyalomma_. Humans who become infected with CCHF
acquire the virus from direct contact with blood or other infected
tissues from livestock, or they may become infected from a tick bite.
Transmission of infection from domestic stock generally occurs during
slaughter (and not during normal contact with domestic animals, which
are relatively unaffected by the infection).
The majority of human cases have occurred in those involved with the
livestock industry, such as agricultural workers, slaughterhouse
workers and veterinarians. It is likely that the deceased Pakistani
acquired the infection during the course of his residence in the
cattle market during the EID festival period and that he did not seek
treatment early enough to save his life. The mortality rate for human
cases is approximately 30 percent, with death occurring in the 2nd
week of illness. In those patients who recover, improvement generally
begins on the 9th or 10th day after the onset of illness. General
supportive therapy is the mainstay of patient management, although the
antiviral drug ribavirin has been used successfully in treatment of
some cases of established CCHF virus infection.
Gazdarabad is one of the neighbourhoods of Saddar Town in Karachi,
Sindh province, Pakistan. Gazdarabad was formerly known as Ranchore
Line until around the 1950s. The location of Karachi can be found in
the HealthMap interactive map at: http://healthmap.org/r/1kc-. -
Mod.CP]
*************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Sat 19 Nov 2011
Source Dawn, Metropolitan [edited]
http://www.dawn.com/2011/11/19/young-ma ... fever.html
A 29-year-old man admitted to a private hospital with a history of
high-grade fever and fits for 6 days died at the private hospital on
Fri 18 Nov 2011. Sources at the Liaquat National Hospital (LNH) told
Dawn that the patient tested positive for Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic
fever (CCHF) virus infection at a private university hospital.
The patient was a resident of Gazdarabad, Ranchhore Line. Retired Brig
Syed Nasim Ahmed, director of administration at the LNH, told the Dawn
newspaper that the man was said to have lived with a friend for a week
in the cattle market during the Eid days before his illness. However,
information regarding the exact occupation and family details of the
victim could not be obtained from the LNH.
He had been brought to the LNH on 15 Nov 2011 with a high-grade fever
in a state of unconsciousness and bleeding from the mouth. He was
diagnosed as a CCHF case on Thu 17 Nov 2011. It was further learned
that the patient was being treated at the medical intensive care unit
of the LNH.
Three deaths as a result of CCHF virus infection were reported last
year [2010], one each at the Indus Hospital, Aga Khan University
Hospital and Abbasi Shaheed Hospital.
[Byline: Mukhtar Alam]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap alerts
[Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-transmitted viral
haemorrhagic fever. Although primarily a zoonosis, sporadic cases and
outbreaks of CCHF affecting humans do occur. The disease is endemic in
many countries in Africa, Europe and Asia.
A number of tick genera are capable of becoming infected with CCHF
virus, but the most efficient and common vectors for CCHF appear to be
members of the genus _Hyalomma_. Humans who become infected with CCHF
acquire the virus from direct contact with blood or other infected
tissues from livestock, or they may become infected from a tick bite.
Transmission of infection from domestic stock generally occurs during
slaughter (and not during normal contact with domestic animals, which
are relatively unaffected by the infection).
The majority of human cases have occurred in those involved with the
livestock industry, such as agricultural workers, slaughterhouse
workers and veterinarians. It is likely that the deceased Pakistani
acquired the infection during the course of his residence in the
cattle market during the EID festival period and that he did not seek
treatment early enough to save his life. The mortality rate for human
cases is approximately 30 percent, with death occurring in the 2nd
week of illness. In those patients who recover, improvement generally
begins on the 9th or 10th day after the onset of illness. General
supportive therapy is the mainstay of patient management, although the
antiviral drug ribavirin has been used successfully in treatment of
some cases of established CCHF virus infection.
Gazdarabad is one of the neighbourhoods of Saddar Town in Karachi,
Sindh province, Pakistan. Gazdarabad was formerly known as Ranchore
Line until around the 1950s. The location of Karachi can be found in
the HealthMap interactive map at: http://healthmap.org/r/1kc-. -
Mod.CP]
-
Birgitt
- Moderator
- Beiträge: 35199
- Registriert: Di 2. Aug 2005, 22:52
- Wohnort: NRW / Südl. Rheinland
- Kontaktdaten:
Krim-Kongo Hämorrhagisches Fieber in Pakistan - Balochistan
CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER - PAKISTAN: (BALOCHISTAN)
*********************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: 11 May 2012
From: WHO Pakistan
NIH, Pakistan, a WHO collaborating center for virology, has sent the following alert to all provincial disease surveillance focal points regarding the peak season for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF):
There has been an outbreak of 8 cases of CCHF in Pakistan including 3 deaths which have date of onset between 5 Apr to 28 Apr 2012.
While the 8 cases have been identified in all 4 provinces and Afghanistan, they are all linked to Balochistan, a known endemic focus of CCHF:
- 2 cases from DI Khan, Khyber-Pakhtoonkhwa, trade in animals from District Zhob, Balochistan, and wife of one also became ill with confirmed CCHF.
- Coal miner from District Harnai, Balochistan
- Tannary worker from District Quetta, Balochistan, presented at hospital in Karachi
- Butcher from District Pishin, Balochistan
- Cattle farmer from Multan, Punjab, also trades in animals from Balochistan.
- Afghan working in Kandahar, Afghanistan, but living in Quetta, Balochistan
All above cases have been confirmed by PCR.
All hospital staff need to be reminded to use precautions - at least gloves - when patients present with epistaxis or other hemorrhage. CCHF is up to 50 percent fatal. Oral ribavirin is available to treat with physician supervision. Joint health and veterinary teams are advocating preventive measures in the field.
--
WHO Pakistan
[Borrowing from Mod. CP's comments from an earlier post on Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Pakistan (see Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Pakistan: (BA) 20081027.3392):
"CCHF is endemic in this region and Pakistan is one of the countries most affected by the disease. The causative agent is a bunyavirus belonging to the genus _Nairovirus_. CCHF virus is transmitted from cattle and sheep to humans via a tick vector and can also spread from person to person via infected blood. Cases usually occur singly among shepherds or among small groups of individuals in contact with livestock or animal products. Occasionally, clusters of cases occur as a result of nosocomial transmission in hospitals. Mortality can be as high as 40 percent in extreme situations but is normally in the region of 15 percent. The distribution of CCHF follows that of the principal tick vector (_Hyalomma _ spp.), and CCHF is maintained both by alternation between mammalian hosts and ticks and by vertical transmission in ticks.
An image of a _Hyalomma_ tick, a map of the limits of its distribution, and other information relating to CCHF can be found at http://www.who.int/csr/disease/crimean_congoHF/en/.
The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of Pakistan is available at http://healthmap.org/promed?g=1183606&v=30,66,5. A map of Balochistan can be accessed at http://pakistanmaps.fortunecity.com/BAL ... 20_MAP.jpg.
As can be seen from the prior ProMED-mail posts, outbreaks of CCHF have been reported from Pakistan annually over the past decade or so, with cases occurring in all provinces of the country. - Mod.MPP]
*********************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: 11 May 2012
From: WHO Pakistan
NIH, Pakistan, a WHO collaborating center for virology, has sent the following alert to all provincial disease surveillance focal points regarding the peak season for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF):
There has been an outbreak of 8 cases of CCHF in Pakistan including 3 deaths which have date of onset between 5 Apr to 28 Apr 2012.
While the 8 cases have been identified in all 4 provinces and Afghanistan, they are all linked to Balochistan, a known endemic focus of CCHF:
- 2 cases from DI Khan, Khyber-Pakhtoonkhwa, trade in animals from District Zhob, Balochistan, and wife of one also became ill with confirmed CCHF.
- Coal miner from District Harnai, Balochistan
- Tannary worker from District Quetta, Balochistan, presented at hospital in Karachi
- Butcher from District Pishin, Balochistan
- Cattle farmer from Multan, Punjab, also trades in animals from Balochistan.
- Afghan working in Kandahar, Afghanistan, but living in Quetta, Balochistan
All above cases have been confirmed by PCR.
All hospital staff need to be reminded to use precautions - at least gloves - when patients present with epistaxis or other hemorrhage. CCHF is up to 50 percent fatal. Oral ribavirin is available to treat with physician supervision. Joint health and veterinary teams are advocating preventive measures in the field.
--
WHO Pakistan
[Borrowing from Mod. CP's comments from an earlier post on Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Pakistan (see Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Pakistan: (BA) 20081027.3392):
"CCHF is endemic in this region and Pakistan is one of the countries most affected by the disease. The causative agent is a bunyavirus belonging to the genus _Nairovirus_. CCHF virus is transmitted from cattle and sheep to humans via a tick vector and can also spread from person to person via infected blood. Cases usually occur singly among shepherds or among small groups of individuals in contact with livestock or animal products. Occasionally, clusters of cases occur as a result of nosocomial transmission in hospitals. Mortality can be as high as 40 percent in extreme situations but is normally in the region of 15 percent. The distribution of CCHF follows that of the principal tick vector (_Hyalomma _ spp.), and CCHF is maintained both by alternation between mammalian hosts and ticks and by vertical transmission in ticks.
An image of a _Hyalomma_ tick, a map of the limits of its distribution, and other information relating to CCHF can be found at http://www.who.int/csr/disease/crimean_congoHF/en/.
The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of Pakistan is available at http://healthmap.org/promed?g=1183606&v=30,66,5. A map of Balochistan can be accessed at http://pakistanmaps.fortunecity.com/BAL ... 20_MAP.jpg.
As can be seen from the prior ProMED-mail posts, outbreaks of CCHF have been reported from Pakistan annually over the past decade or so, with cases occurring in all provinces of the country. - Mod.MPP]
