Bushmeat | Affe & Co. als Hauptgericht

[christian aus Freiburg]

Hallo!

Habe eben einen lesenswerten Artikel über Buschfleisch und dessen Konsum in Europa gefunden. In diesem Zusammenhang möchte ich noch ergänzen, das generell das mitbringen von Fleisch in die EU verboten ist. Also auch das günstige Filet aus der Spar in Namibia ist verboten mitzubringen. Nach meinen Infos gibt es das erste Mal nur eine Verwarnung. Beim Zweiten Mal ist eine Strafe fällig.

http://www.sueddeutsche.de/wissen/busch ... t-1.961193

[Birgitt]

In Gabun kein ungewöhnliches Bild -
kleine Marktstände mit frischem Bushmeat ...

Mékambo / Gabun (Dezember 2006)

Gruß
Birgitt

[Alexander]

Der Schwarzhandel mit Fleisch von wilden Tieren aus Afrika blüht in Europa offenbar: Allein auf dem Pariser Flughafen Charles de Gaulle würden im Jahr schätzungsweise rund 270 Tonnen "Bushmeat" am Zoll vorbei eingeführt, berichteten britische Forscher in einer heute veröffentlichten Studie. mehr...

Grüsse
Alexander

[africanfun]

i like it

africanfun

[Birgitt]

i like it

Bist du sicher








Gruß
Birgitt

[Birgitt]

In Gabun sind wieder größere Mengen an Schimpansen- und Gorillateilen beschlagnahmt worden ...

One of the biggest hauls of illegal ape parts in Central Africa has been seized by officials in Gabon, the global campaign group WWF says. Five people were arrested for the cache which included the head and hands of an endangered gorilla, 12 chimpanzee heads and 30 chimpanzee hands. WWF called for a tough judicial approach to act as a deterrent. Africa's wildlife is often poached for the profitable bushmeat trade or for use in traditional good luck charms

Chimpanzee and gorilla heads seized in Gabon
20.01.2011 - BBC

Gruß
Birgitt

[Birgitt]

Mitte Januar lief dazu auf 3sat eine sehr gute Dokumentation: "Der Troublemaker - Karl Ammann rettet Tiere in Afrika".

Mit dem Thema Bushmeat werden Reisende im zentralen Afrika ja häufig konfrontiert, wenn beispielsweise Affen am Straßenrand zum Kauf angeboten werden. Was mir bisher allerdings nie bewusst war, ist die Tatsache, dass zusätzlich zu Affe, Gorilla, Okapi und sämtlichen Antilopen auch Elefantenfleisch heiß begehrt ist; und durch die hohe Nachfrage (und den hohen Gewinn beim Verkauf) die Tiere auch entsprechend stark gejagt werden.

Bisher war ich immer der Ansicht, bei der Wilderei von Elefanten gehe es hauptsächlich um Elfenbein. Weit gefehlt. Karl Amman berichtet, dass ein Stoßzahn eines mittelgroßen Elefanten ca. 80 US$ einbringt, ein Kilo Elefantenfleisch hingegen 8 US$. Das macht in der Summe schnell 2.000 - 3.000 US$ je nach Größe des Tieres. Ein lukratives Geschäft.

Hier die Website von Karl Amman, einem Schweizer, der in der Nähe von Nairobi lebt

http://karlammann.com/

Es existiert auch eine deutsche Website:

http://karlammann.ch/ammann/deutsch


Gruß
Birgitt

[Birgitt]

Es hat mir keine Ruhe gelassen Nun habe ich gefunden, was ich suchte. Über diesen Link kann man sich den Film in ganzer Länge ansehen:

Der Troublemaker. Karl Amman rettet die Tiere in Afrika

Gruß
Birgitt

[Alexander]

Affe als Hauptgericht

Primaten, Krokodile und Elefanten: Hunderte Tonnen Fleisch werden jedes Jahr aus Afrika nach Europa geschmuggelt. So könnten auch neue Erreger eingeschleppt werden. mehr...

Die Bushmeat Crisis Task Force

„Busch”-Tiere wie der beliebte Gorilla und der Afrikanische Elefant werden mit alarmierender Häufigkeit kommerziell und illegal gejagt. Die „International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN)” (dt.: Int. Union für Umweltschutz) hat kürzlich bekannt gegeben, dass nahezu die Hälfte aller Primatspezies derzeit aufgrund des boomenden Buschfleischhandels vom Aussterben bedroht ist. mehr...

Links zum Thema Bushmeat

4apes
Bushmeat
Born Free
Bushmeat Crisis Task Force
Great Ape Project
Wildlife Conservation Society
WWF

Grüsse
Alexander

[Birgitt]

Bushmeat - auch in Tansania sehr begehrt ...

QUESTION: How big is the problem of bush meat hunting in the Uzungwa forests, and the whole of Tanzania?

ANSWER: Well, as we indicated in our report, currently, and perhaps aside from fire (which is also used for hunting), bush meat hunting is an immediate threat to wildlife populations and a major conservation problem for Uzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve (USFR)

Tanzania - Bush meat hunting: a huge environmental menace
19.03.2011 - The Citizen

Gruß
Birgitt

[Birgitt]

In Uganda landen Bushmeat-Händler glücklicherweise im Gefängnis ...

OVER 348 pieces of smoked bush meat worth about sh4m have been impounded by Uganda Wildlife Authority officials under the Bush meat Free East African Network (BEAN) [...] The three, who were netted at Karuma roadblock on Friday, were charged with illegal possession and trading in wildlife [...] “The Kiryandogo magistrate court sentenced them to seven months in prison or a fine of sh200,000 each for illegally trading in bush meat,” [...] Okello noted that many of the traders dealing in bush meat were trapped at either Karuma or Kamdini roadblocks after a tipped-off by informers [...] sell the contraband in Kitgum [...] trafficking of bush meat to northern Uganda is a big problem

Uganda - Bush meat lands traders in prison
23.03.2011 - New Vision

Gruß
Birgitt

[Birgitt]

Bushmeat - Bekannt als Überträger tödlicher Viren! Im Fluggepäck besonders kritisch ...

Es ist schon erstaunlich, welche Waren täglich die internationalen Flughäfen passieren. Immer wieder beschlagnahmen die Zollbehörden auch exotische Tiere oder die aus ihnen hergestellten Nahrungsmittel. Dies ist nicht nur ein Verstoß gegen Tierschutzgesetze. Die Tiere können auch als trojanische Pferde Krankheitserreger einschleppen. Vor allem der Verzehr von Buschfleisch, in Afrika eine Delikatesse, gilt als bedenklich.

Buschfleisch: Tödliche Viren im Fluggepäck
11.01.2012 - Deutsches Ärzteblatt

Scientists have documented potentially dangerous viruses entering the US through illegally imported wildlife products. Testing of meats confiscated at American airports has revealed the presence of several pathogens that could pose a risk to human health. Retroviruses and herpesviruses were identified, some of them isolated from remains of endangered monkey species. The research study is reported in the journal PLoS One.

Confiscated bushmeat 'poses virus threat'
11.01.2012 - BBC

PLoS one journal.pone.0029505 - Zoonotic Viruses Associated with Illegally Imported Wildlife Products.pdf

(647.6 KiB) 164-mal heruntergeladen

Gruß
Birgitt

[Birgitt]

BUSHMEAT TRADE - CAMEROON: DISEASE TRANSMISSION RISK
****************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org


Date: Fri 25 May 2012
Source: The Independent [abbreviated & edited]
http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style ... 86152.html


Deep in the rainforest of south-east Cameroon, the voices of the men rang through the trees: "Where are the white people?" they shouted. The men, who begin to surround us, are poachers, who make their money from the illegal slaughter of gorillas and chimpanzees. They disperse but make it known that they are not keen for their activities to be reported; the trade they ply could not only wipe out critically endangered species but, scientists are now warning, could also create the next pandemic of a deadly virus in humans.

80 per cent of the meat eaten in Cameroon is killed in the wild and is known as "bushmeat." The nation's favoured dishes are gorilla, chimpanzee or monkey because of their succulent and tender flesh. According to one estimate, up to 3000 gorillas are slaughtered in southern Cameroon every year to supply an illicit but pervasive commercial demand for ape meat . Frankie, a poacher in the southern Dja Wildlife reserve who gave a fake name, said he is involved in the trade because he can earn good money from it, charging around GBP 60 [USD 94] per adult gorilla killed. "I have to make a living," he said. "Women come from the market and order a gorilla or a chimp, and I go and kill them."

Cameroon's south-eastern rainforests are also home to the Baka, traditional forest hunters who have the legal right to hunt wild animals, with the exception of great apes. Felix Biango, a Baka elder, said the group used to hunt gorilla every few weeks to feed his village, Ayene, but has stopped since Cameroon outlawed the practice 10 years ago. However, he says that every week, 3 or 4 people come from the cities to ask the group to help them to hunt wild animals, such as gorillas and chimpanzees.

While the Baka no longer hunt primates for themselves, Mr Biango says that they still kill gorillas for the commercial trade and will eat the meat if they find the animals already dead. Though Cameroonians have eaten primate meat for years, recent health scares have begun to raise fears about the safety of the meat. "In the village of Bakaklion, our brothers found a dead gorilla in the forest," Mr Biango said. "They took it back to the village and ate the meat. Almost immediately, everyone died, 25 men, women and children, the only person who didn't was a woman who didn't eat the meat."

Babila Tafon, head vet at the primate sanctuary Ape Action Africa (AAA), in Mefou, just outside the capital Yaounde, believes the incident that Biango describes could have been caused by an outbreak of Ebola, but cannot be sure because no tests were carried out. AAA now cares for 22 gorillas and more than 100 chimps, all orphans of the bushmeat trade. 3/4ths of all new human viruses are known to come from animals, and some scientists believe humans are particularly susceptible to those carried by apes. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is now widely believed to have originated in chimps. Apes are known to host other potentially deadly viruses, such as Ebola, anthrax, yellow fever and other potential viruses yet to be discovered.

Mr Tafon tests the blood of all apes arriving at the sanctuary. He says he has recently detected a new virus in the apes, simian foamy virus, which is closely related to HIV [See ProMED-mail archived reports listed below - Mod.CP]. "A recent survey confirmed this is now in humans, especially in some of those who are hunters and cutting up the apes in the south-east of the country," he said. Viruses are often transferred from ape to human through a bite, scratch or the blood of a dead ape getting into an open wound. There is a lower risk from eating cooked or smoked primates, but it is not completely safe.

Bushmeat is not only a concern for Cameroonians. Each year, an estimated 11 000 tons of bushmeat is illegally smuggled in to the UK, mainly from West Africa, and is known to include some ape meat. The transfer of viruses from ape to humans is a primary concern for the international virology research and referral base run by the Pasteur Centre in Yaounde. Each week, it screens more than 500 blood samples for all manner of viruses and alerts major international medical research centres if it finds an unfamiliar strain. Professor Dominique Baudon, the director of the Cameroon centre, says he is concerned that the bushmeat trade is a major gateway for animal viruses to enter humans worldwide, due to the export trade.

He says that the deeper poachers go in to the forest, and the more that primates are consumed, the more exposed people become to new unknown viruses and the more potential there is for the viruses to mutate into potentially aggressive forms. At the Ape Action Africa sanctuary, Rachel Hogan, who came to Cameroon from Birmingham 11 years ago, and her team focus on the last of Cameroon's great apes. Most of the gorillas and chimps Ms Hogan and her team look after are babies who have witnessed the murder of their parents. She says they are often suffering from terrible wounds and even trauma when they arrive at the sanctuary. "They grieve just like humans," she says. "We have had them where they will just sit rocking, grinding their teeth, and they don't respond to anything. You have to be able to win back their trust." The increasing number of rescued apes is putting pressure on the sanctuary. A group of 8 gorillas in the wild, protected by one dominant male, needs 16 square km to roam in to live comfortably. The sanctuary says there is nowhere in the vast tropical rainforest of Cameroon that the apes can safely be returned to the wild. "If this continues, there might not be any wild populations of gorillas left," says Ms Hogan.

[Byline: Evan Williams]

--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail Rapporteur Mary Marshall

[It is believed that AIDS, which has claimed over 30 million lives, may have evolved in the rainforest of west central Africa perhaps as a result of the bushmeat trade. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is thought to be derived from Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and to have evolved into a human pathogen, although there is no direct evidence suggesting how this occurred. So far, there has been little evidence of transfer of other known types of virus, but transmission of novel infectious agents is the real risk.

The Washington-based Bush Meat Crisis Task Force estimates that up to 5 million tons of wild animals are being "harvested" in the Congo Basin every year, the equivalent of 10 million cattle. The trade was initially driven by hunger -- it was a cheap source of food -- but has burgeoned with increased logging of the forests and growing demand. Now, it is international, extending the threat beyond the continent's boundaries. However, the size of the imports is unknown, but one 2010 study estimated that 5 tons of the meat per week were being smuggled in personal baggage via Roissy-Charles de Gaulle airport in Paris, France. Gorilla and chimpanzee meat is said to be on offer to African communities in Hackney and Brixton at hundreds of pounds per kilogram.

The HealthMap interactive map of Cameroon can be used to locate the capital Yaounde; see http://healthmap.org/r/2sez. - Mod.CP]

[Birgitt]

BUSHMEAT TRADE - CAMEROON (02): COMMENT
***************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org


Date: Wed 30 May 2012
From: Rebecca B Garabed [edited]


Re: ProMED-mail Bushmeat trade - Cameroon: disease transmission risk 20120528.1148068
----------------------------------------------------------------------
We wish to comment on the [ProMED-mail post referenced above, published on 28 May 2012]. The sentence, "80 per cent of the meat eaten in Cameroon is killed in the wild and is known as 'bushmeat,'" appears to be an error. While the statistic may hold true for some remote villages in Southern Cameroon, it is not true for the entire country. We have many years of experience working in the livestock-producing Northern regions of Cameroon and have found that people there eat almost no bushmeat (unless one counts wild-caught fish). Also, bushmeat is expensive in the Southern cities, so it may not be common in the diet of the average person.

--
Rebecca Garabed (Preventive Veterinary Medicine/PHPID)
Mark Moritz (Anthropology)
The Ohio State University
USA
http://decml.osu.edu

Paul Scholte
Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)
Cameroon


[Thanks very much for your input. - Mod.PMB

A HealthMap/ProMED-mail map can be accessed at: http://healthmap.org/r/1Cfw.]

[Birgitt]

BUSHMEAT TRADE - CANADA: DISEASE TRANSMISSION RISK
**************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org


Date: Mon 15 Apr 2013
Source: Maclean's [edited]
http://www2.macleans.ca/2013/04/15/gori ... our-midst/


If you know where to go in Toronto, you can shop for the most exotic of African bushmeat: rodents from the forests of West and Central Africa, bats, even cuts of gorilla meat, an endangered primate. "It's like a mini farmers' market with tables set out," said Justin Brashares, an associate professor of wildlife ecology and conservation at the University of California at Berkeley, describing the makeshift markets he has visited in Toronto that are specifically set up to sell bushmeat. "Animals are in boxes, some things in coolers beside the table. They sell it often in precut quantities," he said. Small mammals such as bats, as well as fish from the continent, are the most common offerings but Brashares said that as much as 30 per cent of the meat sold can be primate. A vendor sitting at an empty table is a sign that there is more expensive primate meat for sale.

For the past 10 years, Brashares has been running an international study on the bushmeat trade, for which he has monitored the species of wild animals from West and Central Africa sold each month at dozens of underground markets in 40 cities across Europe and North America, including Toronto and Montreal. At every market, at least 2 locals record what is for sale, along with the quantity available, and send the information to Brashares, who plans to publish the findings. He has an ecologist's interest in bushmeat that grew out of his doctoral research in Ghana, where hunters kept killing a species of antelope he was studying. By examining the global bushmeat trade, he hopes to gain insight into why humans use wildlife the way we do -- and the consequences.

The study is international in scope because what was once a staple food for a local population in West and Central Africa has become a globally traded commodity, just like quinoa or chocolate. This one just happens to be illegal in most countries in the world. According to the Jane Goodall Institute of Canada, the global bushmeat trade is estimated to be at least CAD 1 billion [about USD 982 million] annually. While most wild animals smuggled into the West from all over the planet -- not only Africa -- are destined for the pet market, a significant number are headed for dinner plates. It is estimated that 25 million kg of bushmeat arrives in the United States each year.

"We know a lot comes in through personal luggage," said Brashares. In October last year [2012], several hundred kilos of African bushmeat including monkey and pangolin, an animal that resembles an anteater, were found in passenger bags at Charles de Gaulle Airport, reportedly destined for a Paris market. The contraband also arrives through the postal system and in cargo shipments. Brashares learned of a seizure of 10 000 primate parts at a land border crossing between Canada and the US. "They were drawn to the issue [because] the boxes were saturated in blood," he said.

Globally the bushmeat trade is a growing concern, both for its ecological impact and the infectious disease risk is carries. Last month [March 2013], Canada participated in a conference in Thailand organized to stem the trafficking of wild animals and plants, by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, to which we are a signatory.

But the Canada Border Services Agency refused to comment on bushmeat smuggling, saying the organization doesn't keep statistics on the types of meat seized at border points. When they do seize meat that appears to be from a wild animal they call Environment Canada. A spokesperson for Environment Canada said Border Services asks them to investigate thousands of seizures each year. According to their records, 2 since 2009 were confirmed to be bushmeat.

If you've ever snuck in cheese from France or homemade sausage from a great aunt back home into your suitcase, it's easy to understand how enough bushmeat makes it into Canada to supply the markets Brashares has been tracking. Just as the nostalgia of that sausage makes an honest person lie on a customs form, bushmeat offers a connection to culture and to the past. "Apparently the smoky taste that you get from bushmeat is not replicated in any of the meats you get in Canada," said Kerry Bowman, a bioethicist at the University of Toronto who also is a conservationist and works on bushmeat awareness in Central Africa.

"I miss it because it's my food," said [RB], a Montreal mother who moved here from Cameroon 4 years ago and hasn't tasted bushmeat since. She grew up in a village eating the animals her father hunted, such as porcupine. "It's a little bit like beef," she recalled. "It's not fatty. Even its skin is good to eat." Her favourite way to prepare porcupine is in a tomato sauce, served with a side of boiled plantain. Monkey is also good, she said -- though "it has a strong flavour and smells a lot when you cook it." Just as your neighbours know when you are frying fish, the smell of monkey cooking can travel.

While bushmeat has long been an important protein source in villages such as [RB's], it is quickly becoming a luxury food in West and Central Africa, too. As the numbers of people who live in cities rise, the commercial market for bushmeat increases. Mining, logging, and development projects are pushing humans deeper into the forest where they hunt the wildlife for nourishment as well as for trade, contributing to recent dramatic changes in the ecosystem. "The forests are quiet, they are silent," said Jane Lawton, CEO of the Jane Goodall Institute of Canada.

Her organization is now helping in the search for an alternative protein source for locals, to better the chances of forest conservation. CIDA [Canadian International Development Agency] recently funded their project in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to investigate what livestock people could raise instead of relying on hunting. However, according to Bowman, the cloven-hoofed animals humans farm in most parts of the world don't fare well with pests such as tsetse flies and the humidity of the region, and indigenous wildlife such as grasscutters [greater cane rat] aren't too happy in captivity.

But it is the commercial trafficking of the meat that is said to be the biggest threat to biodiversity in this region, where healthy forests benefit all humans on the planet. There have been widespread local species extinctions, and the very existence of our nearest relatives, the great apes, is in danger. In the Republic of the Congo, 295 chimpanzees were killed for their meat in 2003 alone. One scientific paper out of the University of London that tracked what passengers arriving at French airports in 2005 smuggled in their luggage, described some people arriving with only bushmeat in their bags. When officials searched 30 passengers on 3 planes, they found what amounted to flesh from 76 animals.

In Canada, the bushmeat market remains under the radar and hard to find. "It is very difficult to estimate the quantity of something illegal," said Sheldon Jordan, director general of wildlife enforcement for Environment Canada. Public health officials in Toronto, where Brashares has found that bushmeat markets have been held for at least 10 years, have never received a complaint from the public or come across the product in their inspections, said Jim Chan, a public health inspector with the city.

That makes the health concern all the more serious. Raw meat can carry emerging infectious disease. Bats have been linked to scary illnesses such as Nipah virus, and the great apes to Ebola and more. Pathogens like monkeypox can be resistant to smoking the meat, and parasites can survive this preservation method too. Worse, said Chan, if a food establishment were to handle bushmeat secretly, they could infect other foods through cross-contamination and improper food handling. "That risk is quite high," he said.

Brashares said some of his sources are participating in his study with the hope that information about bushmeat trafficking might one day lead to legalizing trade in non-endangered species to satiate people's craving for a taste of home without too much harm to the environment.

Lawton, however, isn't optimistic that allowing people to import meat from more abundant species will help save the great apes and the biodiversity of the Central African forests. "There will be serious challenges if enforcing only certain species are taken out," she said. Particularly if there is a lucrative market. "There is tremendous temptation if you are in a forest and see an animal, to kill it."

[Byline: Sarah Elton]

--
Communicated by:
David Fisman, MD MPH FRCPC
Assoc. Professor
Dalla Lana School of Public Health
University of Toronto, Canada
<david.fisman@utoronto.ca>

[ProMED-mail thanks Dr Fisman for drawing attention to the increasing extent of the bushmeat trade, not only in Canada, but elsewhere and its relevance to transmission of infectious disease and parasites. Raw bushmeat could carry such emerging infectious diseases as Lassa fever and monkeypox from rodents, coronaviruses, and filoviruses from bats, to cite but a few. Additionally, in establishments where bushmeat is handled, more conventional foods could be at risk of cross-contamination and increased exposure of the public. - Mod.CP]